英语单词背诵
specific [spiˈsifik] adj. 1 明确的, 确切的 2 具体的, 特有的
The trouble with Bill was that he never had a specific aim in life.
比尔的问题是他从未有过明确的人生目标。
splendid [‘splendid] adj. 壮丽的; 辉煌的
We won another splendid victory.
我们又赢得了辉煌的胜利。
suspect [sə’spekt] vt. 猜疑, 怀疑 n.嫌疑犯
The tiger suspected danger and ran away.
老虎意识到危险便逃跑了
valid [‘vælid] adj. 正当的, 证据确凿的, 有效的
a valid contract 具有法律效力的合同
violate [‘vaiəleit] vt. 违反, 违背
Dr. Thomas was condemned for violating medical ethics.
托玛士大夫因违反医德而受谴责。
recruit [ri’kru:t] v. 招募, 征募
Our club has recruited 30 new members this year.
今年我们俱乐部吸收了三十名新会员。
guilty [ˈɡilti ] adj. 1 内疚的 2 有罪的
be guilty of
They were found guilty of murder.
他们被判谋杀罪成立。
random [‘rændəm] adj. 任意的; 无计划的
The information is processed in a random order.
信息是按随机顺序处理的。
vacant [ˈveikənt]adj. 1 未被占用的, 空的 2 (指职位)空缺的
The seat next to him was vacant.
他旁边的座位空着。
yield [ji:ld]*v.*1 生产, 出产 2 屈服, 放弃 n. 产量, 收益
These apple trees yield plenty of fruit this year. 这些苹果树今年结了许多苹果。
He was forced to yield the castle. 他被迫放弃城堡。
affect [əˈfekt ] vt. 1 影响 2 感动 3 假装
The amount of rain affects the growth of crops. 雨量影响作物的生长。
afford [əˈfɔ:d] vt. 1 买得起, 担负得起 2 提供, 给予
They did not consider whether they could afford the time or not. 他们没有考虑是否抽得出
时间。
effect [iˈfekt] n. 结果, 效果, 影响 vt. 实现, 使生效, 引起
This had a great effect upon the future of both mother and son. 这对母子俩的将来影响很
大。
grasp [ɡrɑ:sp]vt. 1 抓住, 抓紧 2 理解, 领会 ;n. 抓住; 理解
I don’t grasp your meaning. 我不懂你的意思。
illustrate [ˈiləstreit] vt. 说明, 阐明; 表明
He illustrated his point by relating his own experiences. 他用自己的经历说明他的观点。
inevitable [inˈevitəbl] adj. 不可避免的, 必然发生的A rise in the interest rates seems inevitable.提高利率似乎是不可避免的。
magnificent [mæɡˈnifisənt] adj. 壮丽的, 华丽的, 高贵的
We visited a magnificent palace in the city. 我们参观了一座城里的宏伟宫殿。
miserable [ˈmizərəbl]adj. 1 悲惨的, 不幸的 2 令人痛苦的
We were cold, wet and thoroughly miserable.我们又冷又湿，难受极了。
obligation [‘ɔbli’geiʃən] n. 义务, 责任
They felt under no obligation to maintain their employees. 他们觉得没有义务为员工提供
生活费。
precious [ˈpreʃəs] adj. 宝贵的, 珍贵的
Water is becoming an increasingly precious resource. 水正成为日益珍贵的资源。
abolish [ə’bɔliʃ] vt. 废除, 废止
Bad customs and laws ought to be abolished.不良的习俗和法规应予以废除
challenge [ˈtʃælindʒ] n. 1 挑战 2 怀疑, 质问 ;vt. 1 挑战 2 质疑 3 考验
I challenged him to show his proof. 我要他拿出证据。
convince [kənˈvins] vt. 使相信; 使明白
He convinced me of his innocence. 他使我相信他是无辜的。
donate [dəu’neit] v.捐赠, 赠送
She donated her books to the library. 她把自己的书捐赠给图书馆。
invade [inˈveid] v. 侵入, 侵略
his cancer cells may invade other parts of the body.
癌细胞可能扩散到身体的其他部位。 motivate [‘məutiveit] vt. 作为…的动机; 激发; 诱发
She’s very good at motivating her students.
她非常擅长激励她的学生。
motive [ˈməutiv] n. 动机, 目的
There seemed to be no motive for the murder.
这起谋杀案看不出有什么动机。
offend [əˈfend] *v.*触怒; 冒犯
We were offended by his vulgar language. 我们被他的粗话所激怒。
recommend [ˌrekəˈmend]vt. 1 推荐, 介绍 2 劝告, 建议
I recommend you to comply with safety regulations. 我劝你遵守安全规则。
stock [stɔk]n. 1 储备品, 供应物 2 现货, 存货 3 股份; 股票
She’s built up a good stock of teaching materials over the years.
这些年来她积累了大量教学资料。
stock prices 股票价格
affection [əˈfekʃən] n. 1. 喜爱, 爱 2 .感情
She has a great affection for her hometown. 她对家乡怀有深厚的感情。
bankrupt [ˈbæŋkrʌpt] adj. 破产的, 倒闭的 n.破产
His business failed and he went bankrupt. 他的生意失败了,他也破产了。
contract [ˈkɔntrækt] vt. 缔结; 订契约 n. 契约, 合同
These clauses form part of the contract between buyer and seller.这些条款构成买卖双方
所签合同的一部分。
edition [iˈdiʃən] n. 版次, 版本The dictionary is now in its sixth edition.本词典现在是第六版。
familiar [fə’miljə] adj. 熟悉的, 通晓的
She looked around for a familiar face. 她环顾四周想寻找一个熟人。
implicit [im’plisit] adj. 含蓄的
It is implicit in our agreement that she will be a partner. 我们的协议中含有她将成为合伙人
这一意思。
massive [‘mæsiv] adj. 巨大的, 大量的
The explosion made a massive hole in the ground.爆炸在地面留下了一个巨大的坑。
nominate [‘nɔmineit] vt. 提名…为候选人; 任命
The President nominated him Ambassador to Russia. 总统提名他担任驻俄国大使。
overtake [ˌəuvəˈteik] v. 1.追上, 赶上, 超过 2.突然来临, 突然遭遇
He was overtaken by misfortune. 他突然遭遇不幸。
presently [ˈprezəntli] adv. 1 不久, 一会儿 2 现在, 目前
The crime is presently being investigated by the police.警方目前正在调查这起案件。
amateur [ˈæmətə] adj. 业余的, 非职业的 ,外行的; n. 业余爱好者 ,外行
The pictures were taken by an amateur photographer. 这些照片是一位业余摄影师拍的。
betray [bi’trei] vt. 出卖，背叛
That man is capable of（有能力做某事） betraying his friends. 那家伙会出卖朋友。
bonus [ˈbəunəs] n. 奖金, 红利
She was rewarded for her efforts with a cash bonus.她因自己所作的努力而得到一笔奖金。
consult [kənˈsʌlt] vt. 1 请教, 咨询; 找(医生)诊治 2 翻阅, 查阅
He consulted his notebook repeatedly during his speech. 他演讲时不断看他的笔记本。
delay [diˈlei]n. 1 耽搁, 延迟 2 被耽搁[推迟]的事件或时间; v. (使)耽搁, 延误, 推迟
There is no time left for delay…已经没有时间再耽误了。
effort [‘efət] n.努力, 尽力,成就
make an effort to do
You should put more effort into your work.你应该更加努力地工作。
flexible[ˈfleksəbl] adj. 1 易弯曲的, 柔韧的 2 灵活的, 可变通的
We need a foreign policy that is more flexible. 我们需要更有弹性的外交政策。
graceful [ɡreisful] adj. 优美的, 文雅的, 得体的,
The dancers were all tall and graceful.这些舞蹈演员都个子高高的，动作十分优雅。
hesitate [ˈheziteit] vi. 犹豫; 踌躇
He did not hesitate to ask her to sit beside him. 他毫不犹豫地请她坐在他身旁。
hostile[ˈhɔstail] adj. 1 怀有敌意的, 不友善的 2 敌人的, 敌方的
He is hostile to reform. 他对改革持敌对态度。
ambition [æmˈbiʃən] n. 抱负, 雄心, 野心
Her son was filled with ambition to become a great inventor. 她儿子一心想成为伟大的发
明家。
asset [ˈæset] n. 资产, 财产
The bank has assets of over five million pounds. 这家银行有五百万英镑以上的资产。
award [əˈwɔ:d] vt. 授予, 奖给; 判给 n. 奖品, 奖金
Phil was awarded the top prize. 菲尔获得头奖。
chase [tʃeis]vt. 1 追捕, 追逐 2 试图赢得;n. 1 追捕, 追猎 2 打猎He never ceased to chase after his dream in his vigorous youth. 在精力充沛的年轻时代他
从未停止过追求自己的梦想。
digest [ˈdaidʒest] v.消化,彻底了解 n. 摘要, 文摘, 汇编
I have digested most of the important points in the book. 我领悟了书中大部分要点。
emergency [iˈmə:dʒənsi] n. 紧急情况, 不测事件, 非常时刻
The government has declared a state of emergency following the earthquake.地震发生后
政府已宣布进入紧急状态。
focus [ˈfəukəs] v.集中, 聚集 n. 焦点, 中心
focus on
The discussion focused on three main problems.讨论集中在三个主要问题上。
freeze [fri:z] v/n.结冰, 凝固, 冻结
It’s so cold that even the river has frozen.天气冷得河都封冻了。
habitat [‘hæbitæt] n. 栖息地, 住处
The panda’s natural habitat is the bamboo forest.大熊猫的天然栖息地是竹林。
humble [ˈhʌmbl] adj. 1 谦逊的, 谦虚的 2 低下的, 卑微的
Many famous people are surprisingly humble. 许多知名人士都出奇地谦恭。
absolute [‘æbsəlu:t] adj. 绝对的, 完全的
The police have absolute proof of his guilt. 警方有他犯罪的确凿证据。
corrupt [kəˈrʌpt] adj. 堕落的, 腐败的, 贪赃舞弊的 v.败坏, 腐化
The whole system is inefficient and corrupt.整个体系都效率低下并且腐败堕落。
deserve[diˈzə:v] vt. 应受, 应得, 值得
They deserved to be punished. 他们应该受罚。
engage[inˈɡeidʒ]vt. 1 吸引, 占用 2 雇, 聘 3 答应, 保证; vt. & vi. (使)从事于, (使)忙于
be engaged in sth I have never engaged in the drug trade…我从未参与过毒品交易。
feedback [ˈfi:dbæk] n. 反馈, 反馈信息
The teacher will give you feedback on the test.老师会对你的测验提供反馈信息。
financial[fai’nænʃəl] adj. 财政的, 金融的
The company is in financial difficulties.公司目前财政困难。
guarantee[‘ɡærən’ti:] vt. 保证; 担保
A diploma is no guarantee of efficiency. 持有文凭不能保证工作效率一定高。
heritage [‘heritidʒ] n. 遗产, 继承物, 传统
We must take care to preserve our national heritage. 我们必须注意保护自己的民族遗产。
horizon [hə’raizən] n. 地平线 范围, 眼界
The sun has risen above the horizon. 太阳已从地平线升起。
infect [in’fekt] vt.传染, 影响
The flu virus infected almost the entire class. 全班几乎人人都染上了流行性感冒病毒。
address [əˈdres]n. 1 演说, 演讲 2 住址, 地址 ; vt. 1 向…讲话, 向…发表演说; 2 .称呼
The mayor gave a television address yesterday evening. 市长昨晚作了电视讲话。
bribe [braib] v. 贿赂 n. 贿赂
They tried to bribe the reporter into silence. 他们试图收买该记者,不让他张扬。
margin[ˈmɑ:dʒin] n. 1 页边空白 2 边, 边缘
He made some notes in the margin. 他在页边空白处做笔记。
drawback [‘drɔ:bæk] n. 缺点, 不利条件; 障碍The main drawback to it is the cost.它的主要缺点是成本高。
earnings [ˈə:niŋz] n. 薪水, 工资, 利润
You must show your annual earnings in the tax form. 你必须在税单上注明你的年收入。
forgive [fəˈɡiv] v. 原谅; 饶恕
He forgave her for what she had said to him. 他原谅她对他说过的那些话。
function [ˈfʌŋkʃən] n. 1 功能; 作用 vi. 运行, 起作用
The function of the heart is to pump blood through the body.心脏的功能就是把血液输往全
身。
hinder[ˈhində] v. 阻碍; 妨碍
Age hinders me from moving about. 我年事已高,不能到处走动。
inhabitant[inˈhæbitənt] n. 居民, 住户; (栖息在某地区的)动物
He is an inhabitant of Beijing. 他是北京的居民。
isolate[ˈaisəleit] vt. 隔离, 孤立
Several villages have been isolated by lack of buses. 由于缺乏公共汽车,有几个村子显得
很偏僻。
amateur [ˈæmətə] adj. 业余的, 非职业的 ,外行的; n. 业余爱好者 ,外行
The pictures were taken by an amateur photographer. 这些照片是一位业余摄影师拍的。
ambitious [æm’biʃəs] adj.有抱负的, 雄心勃勃的,有野心的
She is an ambitious woman. 她是一个雄心勃勃的女人。
attorney [əˈtə:ni] n. 代理人, 律师
An attorney is your employee, in a manner of speaking 律师也可以说是你的雇员。
bother [‘bɔðə] v. 打扰, 烦扰, 使恼怒
Is something bothering you?…你有什么烦心事吗？
concentrate [ˈkɔnsəntreit] v. 1 专心于; 注意 2 集中, 聚集 后+on/upon
We must concentrate our attention on efficiency. 我们必须把注意力集中在效率上。
conservative [kənˈsə:vətiv] adj. 1 保守的, 守旧的 2 (式样等)不时新的, 传统的
His conservative views made him unpopular. 他保守的观点使他不受欢迎
digest [ˈdaidʒest] v.消化,彻底了解 n. 摘要, 文摘, 汇编
I have digested most of the important points in the book. 我领悟了书中大部分要点。
emerge [iˈmə:dʒ] vi. 出现; 显出; 暴露
后+from/out of
The moon emerged from behind a cloud. 月亮从云层后面钻了出来。
feature[ˈfi:tʃə] n. 1 特征, 特色 2 面貌, 相貌
Which features do you look for when choosing a car?你挑选轿车时要着重哪些特点？
genius[ˈdʒi:njəs] n. 天才, 天赋
He’s a genius at organizing people.他是人员组织方面的天才。
accuse [əˈkju:z ] vt. 指责, 谴责; 控告
She accused him of stealing her watch.
她控告他偷她的表
afford [əˈfɔ:d] vt. 1 买得起, 担负得起 2 提供, 给予
They did not consider whether they could afford the time or not. 他们没有考虑是否抽得出
时间
faculty [‘fækəlti] n. 能力,技巧, 院, 系, 部In this process of foundation,” memory” is the crucial faculty. 在这种奠基的过程中，“记忆”
是最重要的官能
horizon [hə’raizən] n. 地平线 范围, 眼界
The sun has risen above the horizon.
太阳已从地平线升起。
innovation [ˌɪnəuˈveiʃən] n. 改革, 创新
technical innovations in industry 工业技术革新
junior [‘dʒu:njə] adj. 年少的, 资历较浅的
She has coached many of our leading juniors. 她训练过我们许多名列前茅的青少年运动
员。
launch [lɔ:ntʃ] vt. 发动, 发射 n.(新产品)投产
We launched a new project.
我们开始从事一个新项目。
license/ licence [ˈlaisəns] vt. 批准, 许可, 颁发执照
The new drug has not yet been licensed in the US. 这种新药尚未在美国获得许可。
magnify [‘mægnifai] vt. 放大; 扩大
Tony wanted to magnify that picture.
托尼要把那张照片放大。
means[mi:nz ] n. 方法, 手段
Is there any means of contacting him? 有没有什么办法和他取得联系？
advertise [ˈædvətaiz ] vt. 公布, 宣传, (给…)做广告
If you want to sell your product,you must advertise it. 如果你要推销自己的产品,你就必须
做广告。 benefit [ˈbenifit] vt. & vi. 有益于 n. 益处, 好处
The new hospital will be a great benefit to the town. 新建成的医院将给全城带来莫大好处。
campaign [kæmˈpein] n. 1 运动 2 战役
vi. [发起]运动, 参加竞选 Today police launched a campaign to reduce road accidents.警
方今天开展了一场减少道路交通事故的运动。 claim [kleim] vt. 声称, 断言; 对…提出要求,
索取 She claimed that the ring was stolen, not lost.
她声言那只戒指是被偷的,而不是遗失的。 consist [kənˈsist] vi. 1 组成, 构成 2 在于, 存在
于 A university consists of teachers, administrators and students. 大学由教师,行政人员
和学生组成。 damage [ˈdæmidʒ] v/n. 损害, 毁坏, 加害于 I insist on paying for the
damage. 我坚持要赔偿损失。 embarrass [imˈbærəs] v. (使)窘迫; (使)局促不安 Arthur
seemed embarrassed by the question.
亚瑟似乎被这个问题弄得有些窘迫。estimate [ˈestimeit] n/v.估计, 估价 It is estimated the
project will last four years. 据估计，这项工程将持续四年。 forbid [fəˈbid] vt. 禁止 forbid
doing sth Her father forbade(forbid 的过去式) the marriage. 她的父亲不允许这桩婚事。
prohibit [prəˈhɪbɪt] vt. (尤指以法令)禁止;阻止;
使不可能 The high cost of equipment prohibits many people from taking up this sport. 昂
贵的装备令许多人对这项运动望而却步。
adapt [əˈdæpt] v. 1. (使)适应, (使)适合 2.改编, 改写 He tried hard to adapt himself to the
new conditions. 他努力使自己适应新的情况。boast [bəust] n. 自吹自擂, 自夸的话 v. 自夸 The captain is always boasting of his military
valor. 上尉老是自夸阵前之勇。
capture [ˈkæptʃə] vt. 1 俘获 2 夺取, 占领 The police have not captured the mugger yet.
警方还没有捕获那个行凶抢劫者。
deliver [diˈlivə] vi. 递送, 交付
The president will deliver a speech about schools
总统将就学校问题发表讲话。
efficient [i’fiʃənt] adj. 有能力的, 效率高的 He is an efficient manager. 他是一位办事效率
高的经理。
flexible[ˈfleksəbl] adj. 1 易弯曲的, 柔韧的 2 灵活的, 可变通的 We need a foreign policy
that is more flexible. 我们需要更有弹性的外交政策。
guarantee[‘ɡærən’ti:] vt. ／n. 保证; 担保 A diploma is no guarantee of efficiency. 持有文
凭不能保证工作效率一定高。
highlight [‘hailait] vt. 强调, 突出, His speech highlighted the need for educational reform.
他的演讲强调了教育改革的必要性。
incident [ˈinsidənt] n. 事故, 事件
His bad behaviour was just an isolated incident.
他的不良行为只是个别事件。
inherit [inˈherit] v. 继承 He inherited his father’s farm. 他继承了父亲的农场。
appoint [əˈpɔint] vt. 1 任命, 委派 2 确定, 指定; 约定
They appointed him (to be) manager. 他们任命他为经理。
breed [bri:d] v.生育; 繁殖, 饲养, 培养
Rabbits breed quickly. 兔子繁殖快。
classify [ˈklæsifai] vt. 分类; 归类
Eggs are classified according to size. 鸡蛋按大小分等级。
digest [ˈdaidʒest] v.消化,彻底了解 n. 摘要, 文摘, 汇编
I have digested most of the important points in the book.
我领悟了书中大部分要点。
emphasize [ˈemfəsaiz] vt. 强调; 加强语气
My boss emphasized that everyone should come on time.
我的老板强调指出每个人都该准时到。
evidence [ˈevidəns] n. 证词; 证据; 迹象
Have you any evidence to support this allegation?
你有证据支持这种说法吗？
expose [iksˈpəuz] vt. 曝光**,**暴露
They consider it almost a crime to expose children to violence and sex on TV.
他们认为让儿童接触暴力和色情电视节目几乎是一种犯罪行为。
fertile [ˈfə:tail] adj. 多产的, 富饶的
The land is so fertile that three crops a year can grow.
这片土地很肥沃,一年可种三季庄稼。
fluctuation [ˌflʌktjuˈeiʃən] n. 波动**,**起伏
climatic fluctuations 气候变化
frame[freim] n. 框架, 骨架**,**The frame of the umbrella is made of metal. 伞的骨架是金属制的。
generate [ˈdʒenəreit]vt. 1 生成, 产生 2 引起, 导致
Investment generates higher incomes. 投资带来更高的收入。
guilty [ˈɡilti ] adj. 1 内疚的 2 有罪的
be guilty of
They were found guilty of murder…
他们被判谋杀罪成立。
identify [aiˈdentifai] vt. 认出, 识别
She identified him as her attacker. 她认出他就是袭击她的人。
ignorant [ˈiɡnərənt] adj. 无知的, 愚昧的
They are ignorant but not stupid and will learn quickly.
他们没有受过教育,但并不愚笨,学起来长进会很快。
immigrant [ˈimiɡrənt] n. 移民
Immigrants have contributed to British culture in many ways.
移民在许多方面都对英国文化有所贡献。
inferior [inˈfiəriə] adj. 低等的, 下级的 ，次的; n. 部下, 下属
If children were made to feel inferior to other children their confidence declined.
如果让孩子感觉他们不如其他孩子，他们的信心就会减弱。
innocent [ˈinəsnt] adj. 清白的, 无辜的 ; 天真的, 单纯的
He was pronounced innocent of the charge. 他被宣告无罪。
interrupt[ˌɪntəˈrʌpt] vt. & vi. 打断
The war interrupted the trade between the two countries.
战争使两国间的贸易中断了。
investigate [inˈvestiɡeit] vt. 调查; 审查
Police are investigating possible links between the murders.
警察正在调查这些谋杀案之间是否存在关联。
issue [‘isju:] n. 1. 问题, 议题; 争论点 2. 发行物 ;vt. 出版，发行
I don’t think my private life is the issue here.
我认为问题并非我的私生活。
They issued a joint statement denying the charges.
他们发表联合声明否认指控。
luxurious[lʌɡˈzjuəriəs] adj. 奢侈的, 豪华的
The millionaire leads a luxurious life.
那个百万富翁过着豪华的生活。
witness [‘witnis] n.目击者; 证人
Police have appealed for witnesses to the accident.
警方呼吁这起事故的目击者出来作证。
withdraw [wiðˈdrɔ:] v. 1 取回 2 撤出
The government withdraws worn out money from use. 政府收回旧币使之不再流通。
vain [vein] adj. 徒劳的, 无用的, 无效的
They made vain attempts to reach the mountaintop. 他们几次徒然尝试想攀登山顶。
ultimate [ˈʌltimit] adj. 1 最后的, 最终的 2 基本的, 根本的
After many defeats, the war ended for us in ultimate victory.经过多次失败,战争以我们的最终胜利而结束。
tedious [ˈti:diəs] adj. 乏味的, 单调的
The job is tedious, but the pay is good. 这工作乏味但工钱不少。
strategy [ˈstrætidʒi] n. 战略, 策略
By careful strategy he managed to push the proposal through.
通过审慎的谋划,他成功地使该建议获得通过。
specific [spiˈsifik] adj. 1 明确的, 确切的 2 具体的, 特有的
The trouble with Bill was that he never had a specific aim in life.
比尔的问题是他从未有过明确的人生目标。
shortage [ˈʃɔ:tidʒ] n. 不足; 缺少
There is a shortage of fresh water on the island.
岛上缺少淡水。
restrict [risˈtrikt] vt. 限制; 约束
Speed is restricted to 30 mph in towns.
在城里车速不得超过每小时 30 英里
reluctant [riˈlʌktənt] adj. 不情愿的, 勉强的
She was reluctant to give her money away.
她不愿意把钱送给别人。
relevant [‘reləvənt] adj. 有关的, 切题的
His nationality isn’t relevant to whether he is a good lawyer.
他的国籍跟他是不是一个好律师不相关。
proposal [prə’pəuzəl] n.提议; 建议
propose[prəˈpəuz] v. 提议; 建议
He proposed building a bridge across this river.
他建议在这条河上造一座桥。
promise [ˈprɔmis] v. 1 允诺; 答应 2 预示 ; n. 1 承诺, 诺言 2 希望, 前途
The government has promised a full investigation into the disaster.
政府已承诺对这次灾难进行全面调查。
promising [‘prɔmisiŋ] adj. 有希望的, 有前途的
She was voted “most promising young actress, 1993”. 她被选为”一九九三年度最佳年轻女
演员”。
offspring [‘ɔfspriŋ] n. 子女, 子孙, 后代
Jack is her only offspring. 杰克是她唯一的后代。
objective [əbˈdʒektiv] n. 目标; 目的 adj. 客观的
You must set realistic aims and objectives for yourself.
你必须给自己确定切实可行的目的和目标。
I find it difficult to be objective where he’s concerned.
只要涉及他，我就难以做到保持客观。
moderate [‘mɔdərit] adj. 中等的, 适度的
The hotel is moderate in its charges. 这家饭店收费适中。
motivate [‘məutiveit] vt. 作为…的动机; 激发; 诱发
She’s very good at motivating her students.
她非常擅长激励她的学生。interview [ˈintəvju:] n/vt. 1 面谈, 面试 2 采访, 交谈
He has an interview next week for the manager’s job.
他下周要接受一个经理职位的面试。
hospitality [ˌhɔspiˈtæliti] n. 殷勤, 好客
Many thanks for the hospitality you showed me.
非常感谢你对我的款待。
handle [ˈhændl] vt. 处理, 应付 n. 手柄, 把手
I didn’t know how to handle these people. 我不知道如何对付这些人。
update [ʌp’deit] vt. 更新; 使现代化
It’s about time we updated our software.
我们的软件应该更新了。
viewpoint [ˈvju:pɔint] n. 观点, 意见, 角度
Try looking at things from a different viewpoint.
试试从不同的角度观察事物。
violate [‘vaiəleit] vt. 违反, 违背
Dr. Thomas was condemned for violating medical ethics.
托玛士大夫因违反医德而受谴责。
warrant[ˈwɔrənt] n. 授权证; 许可证 vt. 保证, 担保
They issued a warrant for her arrest.
当局发出了逮捕她的令状。
tendency [ˈtendənsi] n. 倾向, 趋势
I have a tendency to talk too much when I’m nervous.
我紧张时总爱唠叨。
transfer [trænsˈfə:] v/n. 转移, 迁移, 转让
She has been transferred to another department.
她已被调往另一部门。
sustain [sə’stein] vt. 承受, 支撑, 维持
He sustained a serious wound in the stomach.
他腹部严重受伤。
sympathize [ˈsimpəθaiz] vi. 同情, 支持
My parents sympathized with my eagerness to move out.
我父母体谅我想搬出去住的急切心情。
tariff [ˈtærif] n. 1 关税, 关税表 2 (旅馆或饭店等的)收费表, 价目表
he disagreement over trade tariffs has soured relations between the two countries.
贸易关税上的分歧导致两国关系恶化。
schedule [ˈʃedju:əl] n. 时间表, 日程安排表
The new bridge has been finished two years ahead of schedule .
新桥提前两年落成。
outlook [‘autluk] n. 1.景色, 景致 2.观点, 见解 3. 展望, 前景
Most Western societies are liberal in outlook .
西方社会大多思想观念开放。persist [pə’sist] vt. & vi.坚持, 固执
She persisted in her search for the truth.
她执著地追求真理。
perspective [pə’spektiv] n.1. 前途; 希望 2.观点, 想法
Try to see the issue from a different perspective .
试以不同的角度看待这件事。
relevant [‘reləvənt] adj. 有关的, 切题的
His nationality isn’t relevant to whether he is a good lawyer.
他的国籍跟他是不是一个好律师不相关。
rescue [ˈreskju:] n/vt. 营救, 救援
You rescued me from an embarrassing situation.
我正感到尴尬，你为我解了围。
sacrifice [ˈsækrifais] n. 1 牺牲 2. 献祭, 供奉 3 祭品 ; v.牺牲, 献出
Parents often make sacrifices for their children.
父母亲常常为子女作出牺牲。
technique [tekˈni:k] n. 技巧, 手法, 技能
Her technique has improved a lot over the past season.
在过去的一个赛季里，她的技术大有长进。
urban [‘ə:bən] adj. 城市的
Public order is primarily an urban problem
社会治安主要是城市的问题
waterproof [ˈwɔ:təpru:f] adj. 防水的
The whole boat has been totally waterproofed…
整条船全部经过防水处理。
spoil [spɔil] vi. 变质 vt. 1 损坏; 毁掉 2 溺爱, 宠坏
They spoiled their child. 他们宠坏了孩子。
acknowledge [ək’nɔlidʒ] vt.承认, 供认, 感谢
I acknowledge that her criticism is just.
我承认她的批评是公正的。
commercial [kəˈmə:ʃəl] adj. 商业的, 商务的
The movie was not a commercial success (= did not make money) .
这部电影票房收入不佳。
dismiss [disˈmis] vt. 1 解雇; 开除 2 使退去; 解散
I think we can safely dismiss their objections.
我认为我们对他们的异议完全可以不予理会。
establish [isˈtæbliʃ] vt. 建立, 成立
The school has established a successful relationship with the local community.
这所学校与当地社区建立了良好的关系。
flexible[ˈfleksəbl] adj. 1 易弯曲的, 柔韧的 2 灵活的, 可变通的
We need a foreign policy that is more flexible.
我们需要更有弹性的外交政策。
immense [iˈmens] adj. 极大的, 巨大的John felt an immense gratitude to Wilson.
约翰极为感激威尔逊。
inspire[inˈspaiə] vt. 1 鼓舞, 激励 2 赋予某人灵感; 启迪
His speech inspired us to try again.
他的演讲鼓舞了我们再作尝试。
layout[ˈleiaut] n. 布局; 安排; 版面设计
He tried to recall the layout of the farmhouse
他努力回想农舍的布局。
offspring [‘ɔfspriŋ] n. 子女, 子孙, 后代
The mother tiger takes care of its four offspring.
母虎照看它的四只幼崽。
possess [pəˈzes] vt. 具有, 占据
The country possesses rich mineral deposits.
这个国家拥有丰富矿藏。
track [træk] vt. 跟踪, 追踪，n. 1 踪迹, 痕迹, 轨道 2 小路, 路径
We followed the bear’s tracks in the snow.
我们跟着熊在雪地上留下的足迹走。
trigger [‘trigə] vt. 引发, 引起
His action has triggered off a crisis.
他的行动已经引起一场危机。
trivial [‘triviəl] adj. 琐碎的, 没有价值的
Don’t waste your time on these trivial things.
不要把你的时间浪费在这些琐事上。
tuition [tjuˈiʃən] n. 1 学费 2 课程讲授
Your parents will have to cover your tuition fees.
你的父母得支付你的学费。
worthwhile [ˌwə:θˈwail] adj. 值得的, 值钱的, 有价值的
The smile on her face made it all worthwhile.
她脸上的笑容使得这一切都非常值得。
territory [ˈteritəri] n. 领土, 领域, 范围
They just want to return to their families in the occupied territories…
他们只是想回到在占领区的家人身边。
supervise [ˈsju:pəvaiz] vt. & vi. 监督, 管理
She supervises the whole department.
她管理这整个部门。
sympathetic [simpə’θetik] adj. 同情的
I mouthed some sympathetic platitudes
我言不由衷地说了一些表示同情的客套话。
sacrifice [ˈsækrifais] n. 1 牺牲 2. 献祭, 供奉 3 祭品 ; v.牺牲, 献出
Parents often make sacrifices for their children.
父母亲常常为子女作出牺牲。
promising [‘prɔmisiŋ] adj. 有希望的, 有前途的
She was voted “most promising young actress, 1993”.她被选为”一九九三年度最佳年轻女演员”。
remote [riˈməut] adj. 远离的, 遥远的, 偏僻的
The farmhouse is remote from any other buildings.
这家农舍附近没有别的房屋。
specialize/-ise [ˈspeʃəlaiz] vi. 专门从事, 专攻
The shop specializes in hand-made chocolates.
这家商店专营手工制作的巧克力。
successor [səkˈsesə] n. 继任者, 继承人
Who’s the likely successor to him as party leader?
谁较可能接替他担任党的领袖？
symptom [ˈsimptəm] n. 症状 , 征兆
A fever is a symptom of illness.
发烧是生病的症状。
torture [ˈtɔ:tʃə] n. 1 拷问, 刑讯 2 折磨; 痛苦 ; vt. 拷问, 折磨
She suffered tortures from a toothache.
她受牙痛的折磨
visible [ˈvizəbl]adj. 1 看得见的, 可见的 2 明显的, 可察觉到的
Most stars are not visible to the naked eye .
大多数星星肉眼看不见。
temporary [ˈtempərəri] adj. 临时的, 暂时的, 短时间的
They had to move into temporary accommodation .
他们不得不搬进临时住所。
resist [riˈzist] v. 抵抗; 对抗
He tried to pin me down, but I resisted.
他试图制伏我，但我奋力反抗。
principle [ˈprinsəpl] n. 1 原则, 原理 2 准则, 规范
Stick to your principles and tell him you won’t do it.
要恪守自己的原则，告诉他你绝不会干的。
origin [ˈɔridʒin] n. 起点; 来源
This particular custom has its origins in Wales.
这一特殊风俗起源于威尔士。
hinder[ˈhində] v. 阻碍; 妨碍
Age hinders me from moving about.
我年事已高,不能到处走动。
fertile [ˈfə:tail] adj. 多产的, 富饶的
The land is so fertile that three crops a year can grow.
这片土地很肥沃,一年可种三季庄稼。
essential[iˈsenʃəl] n. 1 要素, 要点 2 必需品 adj. 1 必不可少的, 绝对必要的; 2 本质的, 实
质的, 基本的
Hard work is essential to success.
成功必须努力工作。
costly [ˈkɔstli] adj. 昂贵的, 代价高的Buying new furniture may prove too costly.
购买新家具可能会花钱太多。
decline [diˈklain] n. 下降, 减少, 衰退
Unemployment declined to 4 percent last month.
上个月失业率降至百分之四
distinct [disˈtiŋkt]adj. 1 截然不同的, 完全分开的 2 清晰的, 明白的, 明显的
The twins had distinct tastes.
这两个双胞胎嗜好不同。
conservative [kənˈsə:vətiv] adj. 1 保守的, 守旧的 2 (式样等)不时新的, 传统的
Her style of dress was never conservative.
她的服装式样一点儿也不保守。
convey [kənˈvei] vt. 1 运输;运送 2 表达, 转达
I found it hard to convey my feelings in words.
我觉得难以用言语表达我的感情。
damage [ˈdæmidʒ] v/n. 损害, 毁坏, 加害于
Make sure you insure your camera against loss or damage.
一定要给你的照相机投保，以防丢失或损坏。
economical [ˌɪkəˈnɔmikəl] adj. 节约的, 节俭的, 经济的
It is usually economical to buy washing powder in large quantities.
大量购买洗衣粉通常要省钱些。
generous [ˈdʒenərəs] 1 慷慨的, 大方的 2 善良的, 宽宏大量的 3 大量的, 丰富的
It was generous of him to offer to pay for us both.
他主动为我们俩付钱，真是大方。
impulse [‘impʌls] n. 推动力, 冲动, 凭冲动行事
I used to act out of blind impulse when I was young.
我年轻时常凭盲目的冲动行事。
inquire (=enquire) [inˈkwaiə] vt. & vi. 打听, 询问
I rang up to inquire about train times
我打了电话查询列车时刻
league[li:ɡ] n. 联盟, 同盟
The New England team are the worst in the league.
新英格兰队是联盟中最差的队。
mutual [ˈmju:tʃuəl] adj. 1 相互的, 彼此的 2 共同的, 共有的
Mutual understanding is essential to friendship.
相互理解对友谊至关重要。
nourish [‘nʌriʃ] vt. 养育, 喂养, 滋养
We need good food to nourish the starving infants.
我们需要好食品滋养这些挨饿的婴儿。
personnel [pə:sə’nel] n. 人员,员工, 人事部门
he works in personnel.
她在人事部工作。
private [‘praivit] adj.私人的, 个人的
Those are my father’s private papers.那些都是我父亲的私人文件。
prosperity [prɔsˈperiti] n. 兴旺, 繁荣
We wish you health, happiness, and prosperity.
我们祝愿你健康、幸福、事业兴旺。
reckon [‘rekən] vt. 猜想; 估计
His recent novel is reckoned as the worst of the year.
他最近问世的小说被认为是本年度最差的一本。
relieve [riˈli:v] vt. 缓解, 消除
to relieve traffic congestion
缓解交通拥堵
restrain [risˈtrein] vt. 抑制, 遏制, 约束
We restrained the children from playing by the railroad. v z 我们阻止孩子们在铁路旁边玩
耍。
bid [bid] n/v.喊价, 出价, 投标 vt. 命令, 吩咐
He bid $300 for the oil painting.
他出价三百元买那幅油画。
calculate [ˈkælkjuleit] v.计算, 估计
He calculated the costs very carefully.
他仔细计算开支。
command [kəˈmɑ:nd] n/v. 命令,指挥, 控制
You must obey the captain’s commands.
你必须服从船长的命令。
curiosity [ˌkjuəriˈɔsiti]n. 1 好奇心, 爱打听的癖性 2 奇人, 奇物, 珍品
The letter wasn’t addressed to me but I opened it out of curiosity .
那封信不是写给我的，然而我却出于好奇把它拆开了。
decent [ˈdi:sənt]adj. 1 正派的, 得体的 , 体面的 3 令人满意的, 相当好的
I only associate with good decent fellows.
我只和正派的好人交往。
divorce [diˈvɔ:s] n/v. 1 离婚 2 分离
I tried to get my life back on track after my divorce.
离婚之后我力图使生活恢复正常。
emigrate [‘emiɡreit] vt.移居国外
My grandparents emigrated to Canada to try their luck there.
我的祖父母移民到加拿大去碰碰运气。
immigrate [ˈɪmɪɡreɪt]v. 移民入境
They immigrated to start a new life in America.
他们移居美国开始了新生活。
flame[fleim] n. 火焰, 火舌
The flames were growing higher and higher.
熊熊火焰越来越高。
furnish [‘fə:niʃ] vt. 布置家具;向(某人 / 某事物)供应，提供
She furnished him with the facts surrounding the case.
她向他提供了与案件有关的事实。indifferent [in’difrənt] adj. 不关心的, 冷淡的
People have become indifferent to the suffering of others.
人们对别人的痛苦已经变得无动于衷。
attribute[ə’tribju:t] vt.认为…是; 归因于…
He attributed his good health to exercise.
他认为自己之所以身体好是因为运动。
authority [ɔ:ˈθɔriti] n. 1 权力, 职权 2 官方, 当局 3 权威, 专家
The authorities did not interfere with us.
当局不干涉我们。
burden [ˈbə:dən] n. 重负 vt. 加重压于, 使背负
The government burdened the nation with heavy taxes.
政府使国民负担重税。
community [kəˈmju:niti] n. 社区, 团体
The local community was shocked by the murders.
当地社会对这些谋杀案感到震惊。
consume [kənˈsju:m] vt. 1 消耗, 消费 2 大吃, 大喝
She consumed most of her time in reading.
她把大部分时间都花在读书上。
defect [diˈfekt] n. 缺点, 过失, 瑕疵
He was born with a hearing defect.
他患有先天性听力缺损。
emergency [iˈmə:dʒənsi] n. 紧急情况, 不测事件, 非常时刻
The government had to take emergency action.
政府只得采取紧急措施。
expense [iksˈpens] n. 1 消耗, 花费 2 花费的钱, 费用
The garden was transformed at great expense .
花园改建花了一大笔费用。
expensive [ɪkˈspensɪv]adj. 昂贵的;花钱多的;价格高的
I can’t afford it, it’s too expensive.
我买不起，太贵了。
fierce[fiəs] adj. 1 凶猛的; 凶狠的 2 强烈的, 激烈的
After a fierce battle the enemy was forced to retreat.
激战之后,敌人被迫撤退了。
grateful [ˈɡreitful] adj. 感激的, 感谢的
I am grateful to have you help me repair the house.
承你帮忙修缮房子,我十分感激。
humiliate [hju’milieit] vt. 使蒙羞, 使丢脸
I was so humiliated when I couldn’t remember her name.
当我记不起她的名字时,我感到丢脸极了。
immense [iˈmens] adj. 极大的, 巨大的
John felt an immense gratitude to Wilson.约翰极为感激威尔逊。
infant [ˈinfənt] n. 婴儿, 幼儿
She was seriously ill as an infant.
她年幼时曾患重病。
maintain [mein’tein] vt. 保持, 继续, 保养, 维护
Ann and Mary maintained their friendship for the next thirty years.
安妮和玛丽在此后的三十年中一直保持着她们之间的友谊。
measure[ˈmeʒə] vt. 1 量出; 记录 2 估计, 估量 ; n. 1.尺度, 标准 2. 措施, 办法
We measured the difference in temperature.
我们测量了温度的变化。
negotiation [niˌɡəuʃiˈeiʃən] n. 协商, 谈判
He played a leading part in the negotiations.
他在谈判中起到了至关重要的作用。
participate [pɑ:’tisipeit] vi.参与, 参加, 分享
She didn’t participate in the discussion.
她没有参加讨论。
privilege [ˈprivilidʒ] n. 特权, 特别待遇
It is a great privilege to know you.
认识你真是莫大的荣幸。
project [ˈprɔdʒekt]vt. 1 规划 2 抛; 投; 射; n. 项目, 计划, 方案
The project is still causing him a lot of problems.
这项工程现在仍然给他带来许多的麻烦。
plot [plɔt]n. 1 情节 2 (秘密)计划, 密谋 ; v. 密谋, 绘制; 标出
a conventional plot about love and marriage
传统的婚恋故事情节
predict [priˈdikt] v. 预言; 预测; 预示
Nobody could predict the outcome.
谁也无法预料结果如何。
rotate [rəu’teit] vi. 旋转; 循环
The earth rotates from west to east.
地球从西向东旋转。
sightseeing [ˈsaitˌsi:ɪŋ] n. 观光, 游览
This is a great place for sightseeing.
这是个观光游览的好地方。
synthetic [sinˈθetik] adj. 合成的, 人造的
Synthetic silk can be made from wood fibres.
人造丝可用木纤维制造。
verge [və:dʒ] n. 边, 边缘, 界线
These people are living on the verge of starvation.
这些人正在饥饿线上挣扎。
thrive [θraiv] vi. 兴盛; 兴隆
New businesses thrive in this area.
新商家在这一地区蓬勃兴起。suicide [ˈsjuisaid] n. 自杀
He had attempted to cover his tracks by making her death appear like suicide.
他使她的死亡看起来像是自杀，企图以此掩盖自己的罪行。
surrender [səˈrendə] vt/n. 放弃，投降
General Martin Bonnet called on the rebels to surrender…
马丁·邦尼特将军呼吁反叛者投降。
universal [ˌju:niˈvə:səl] adj. 全体的 , 普遍的, 世界性的
This machine has a universal use in the home.
这种机器在家庭中有广泛的用途。
virtue [ˈvə:tju:] n. 美德, 优点, 长处
His virtue is patience
耐心是他的美德。
harsh [hɑ:ʃ] adj. 粗糙的, 严厉的
He suffered harsh criticism from his colleagues.
他受到了同事们的严厉批评
indulgent [inˈdʌldʒənt] adj. 放纵的, 纵容的, 溺爱的
You are too indulgent with your children.
你太放纵孩子了。
majority [məˈdʒɔriti ] n. 多数, 大多数
The resolution was carried by a huge majority.
这项决议以非常大的多数票赞成而获得通过。
neutral [ˈnju:trəl] adj. 中立的, 不偏不倚的
He remained neutral during the debate.
他在辩论中保持中立。
oblige [əˈblaidʒ] v. 1 迫使做; 使负义务 2 满足请求; 施惠 3.感激
The scandal obliged the minister to resign.
这一丑闻迫使部长辞职。
plausible [‘plɔ:zəbl] adj.似乎是真的,似乎可信的
I stood still, trying to invent a plausible excuse.
我站着不动，试图编个说得过去的借口。
promote [prəˈməut]vt. 1 提升, 提拔 2 推销 3. 促进; 推动; 增进
She worked hard and was soon promoted.
她工作勤奋，不久就得到提升了。
reckon [‘rekən] vt. 猜想; 估计
His recent novel is reckoned as the worst of the year.
他最近问世的小说被认为是本年度最差的一本。
rehearsal [ri’hə:səl] n. 练习, 排练
Our new production of ‘Hamlet’ is currently in rehearsal.
我们的新版《哈姆雷特》正在排练之中。
robust [rəu’bʌst] adj. 强壮的; 健全的
It was a typically robust performance by the Foreign Secretary.
这是外交大臣典型的有信心的表现。suspicion [səsˈpiʃən] n. 怀疑, 嫌疑
The whole family is currently under suspicion of her murder.
目前这一家人都涉嫌谋杀她。
vague [veiɡ] adj. 模糊的, 含糊的, 不清楚的
I’m quite vague about what happened.
我对发生的事很不了解。
whereas [hwɛər’æz] conj. 但是, 而, 鉴于
Some of the studies show positive results, whereas others do not.
有一些研究结果令人满意，然而其他的则不然。
theme [θi:m] n. 主题, 主旨
The stories are all variations on the theme of unhappy marriage.
这些故事讲来讲去无非是这样那样的不幸婚姻。
target [ˈtɑ:ɡit] n. 靶子, 目标 ,对象
What is the main objective of this project?
这个项目的主要目标是什么？
retain [riˈtein] vt. 1 保持; 保留 2 止住; 容纳
She retains a clear memory of her school days.
她对自己的学生时代有着清晰的记忆。
safeguard [‘seifgɑ:d] n. 防护措施, 安全设施
We will institute a number of measures to better safeguard the public
我们将实施一系列措施来更好地保护公众安全。
slender [ˈslendə] adj. 苗条的, 修长, 微薄的
Australia held a slender 1 – 0 lead at half-time.
澳大利亚队在上半场终时以 1:0 的微弱优势领先。
pirate [‘paiərit] vt.剽窃, 非法翻印
There are lots of pirated editions.
有许多非法翻印的版本。
phase [feiz] n. 阶段, 时期
The investigation has entered a new phase.
调查已进入新阶段。
phenomenon [fiˈnɔminən] n. 现象
The causes of the phenomenon are still incompletely understood.
造成这种现象的原因尚未彻底弄清。
contemporary [kənˈtempərəri]adj. 1 当代的 2 同时代的, 同属一个时期的 n. 同代人, 同龄
人 His lecture is on contemporary American novelists. 他的演讲是关于当代美国小说家的。
debate [diˈbeit] n/v. 讨论, 辩论 There had been much debate on the issue of childcare.人
们对儿童保育问题议论纷纷。
deduct [diˈdʌkt] vt. 扣除, 减去
The cost of your uniform will be deducted from your wages. 制服费将从你的工资中扣除。
diverse [dai’vəs] adj. 不同的, 多种多样的 The program deals with subjects as diverse as
pop music and ancient Greek drama. 这档节目涉及包括流行音乐、古希腊戏剧在内的各种
题材。enclose [in’kləuz] vt.把…围起来,把…装入信封, 附入 A white fence enclosed the house. 房
子周围有一圈白色的篱笆。
feasible[ˈfi:zəbl] adj. 可行的, 可能且合理的 It was not feasible to build a bridge at that
point. 在那个地点造桥是不可行的。
impair [im’pɛə] vt. 损害, 削弱 Much reading has impaired his vision. 大量读书损害了他
的视力。
insert[inˈsə:t] vt. 插入, 嵌入 Later, he inserted another paragraph into his will. 后来他在
他的遗嘱中又加了一段。
mercy[ˈmə:si] n. 宽容, 怜悯, 仁慈 He showed mercy to the thief and let him go .他对窃贼
很仁慈，放他走了。
numerous [ˈnju:mərəs] adj. 很多的, 许多的 They encountered numerous difficulties in
conducting the experiment. 他们在做这项实验时碰到了许多困难。
accomplish [ə’kɔmpliʃ] vt. 完成, 实现, 做成功
They didn’t accomplish the purpose desired.
他们没有达到预期的目的。
baggage [ˈbæɡidʒ] n. 行李
The insurance policy covers all baggage and personal effects.
这份保险单为全部行李和个人财产提供保险。
bear [bɛə] vt. 忍受, 容忍,承担，n.熊
The pain was almost more than he could bear.
这种痛苦几乎使他无法忍受。
colleague[ˈkɔli:ɡ] n. 同事, 同僚
This put him and his colleagues in a difficult position.
这使他和他的同事陷于困境。
consumption[kənˈsʌmpʃən] n. 1 消费, 消耗; 消费[耗]量
Gas and oil consumption always increases in cold weather.
燃气和燃油的消耗量在天冷时总会增加。
convenience[kənˈvi:njəns] n. 1 方便, 便利
It was a great convenience to have the school so near.
学校这么近真是太方便了。
deficit [ˈdefisit] n. 1 不足额 2 赤字, 亏空
He promised to get to work on the state’s massive deficit
他承诺着手解决国家庞大的财政赤字问题。
delicate [ˈdelikit] adj. 1 娇弱的, 纤细的 2 易碎的, 脆弱的 3 微妙的, 有技巧的, 得当的 4 精
美的, 雅致的
Take care with these delicate flowers.
当心这些娇嫩的鲜花。
eliminate [iˈlimineit] vt. 消除, 排除
Our team was eliminated from the competition in the first round.
我队在第一轮比赛（竞争）中就被淘汰。
generous [ˈdʒenərəs] adj. 1 慷慨的, 大方的 2 善良的, 宽宏大量的 3 大量的, 丰富的
It would be churlish to refuse such a generous offer.
拒绝这样一个慷慨的提议未免失礼。inevitable [inˈevitəbl] adj. 不可避免的, 必然发生的
A rise in the interest rates seems inevitable.
提高利率似乎是不可避免的。
arise [əˈraiz] v. 呈现; 出现; 发生
Unexpected difficulties arose in the course of their experiment.
在他们进行实验的过程中,出现了意想不到的困难。
boundary [ˈbaundəri] n. 1 分界线 2 界线, 范围
They have redrawn the country’s boundaries along ethnic lines
他们已经按照民族界线重新划定了国家的边界。
clue [klu:] n. 线索, 提示
Police searched the area for clues.
警察在那一地带查找线索。
congress [ˈkɔŋɡres] n. 1 代表大会 2 国会, 议会
After a long debate, Congress approved the proposal.
经过长时间辩论，国会通过了这项提议。
delay [diˈlei]n. 1 耽搁, 延迟 2 被耽搁[推迟]的事件或时间; v. (使)耽搁, 延误, 推迟
We would like to apologize for the delay.
我们愿对延迟表示歉意。
dramatic [drəˈmætik]adj. 1 戏剧的, 戏剧性的, 激动人心的 2. 引人注目的, 给人深刻印象
的
The nation is gripped by the dramatic story.
举国上下都为那个戏剧性的故事牵动着。
exhibit [iɡˈzibit] v. 陈列, 展览, 显示 n. 展览品, 陈列品
Specifically, their questions became more comprehensive at the new exhibit.
具体来说,他们在新展览上提的问题变得更加全面。
gossip [‘ɡɔsip] n.流言, 闲话
We read the gossip written about them with prurient interest.
我们翻看他们的八卦时带着不洁的想法。
influential [ˌɪnfluˈenʃəl] adj. 有影响的, 有权势的
We can brainstorm a list of the most influential individuals in the company.
我们可以集体讨论，列出该公司中最有影响的人员的名单。
interact[ˌɪntərˈækt] vi. 相互作用[影响], 互相配合
Teachers have a limited amount of time to interact with each child.
教师和每个孩子沟通的时间有限。
abandon [ə’bændən] vt. 离弃, 丢弃 ，放弃; n. 放任; 纵情
She abandoned herself to despair.
她陷入绝望之中。
manipulate [məˈnipjuleit] vt. 熟练控制/操作
A clever politician knows how to manipulate his supporters.
机敏的政客懂得如何操纵自己的支持者。
legislation [‘leidʒs’leiʃən] n. 法律; 法规
The new legislation concerns health and safety at work.这项新法规涉及工作场所的健康与安全。
nervous [ˈnə:vəs]adj. 1 神经系统的, 神经性的 2 害怕的; 胆小的，紧张的
He had been nervous about inviting us.
他过去一直不敢邀请我们。
overlook [ˌəuvəˈluk] vt.忽视 ,俯视
My calculation was wrong because I overlooked one tiny point.
由于我忽略了一个细微之处,我的计算错了。
passive [‘pæsiv] adj. 被动的; 消极的;
“I’ve had more feedback in a passive approach,” he says.
“我通过被动的方式得到了更多的反馈”他说。
proclaim [prə’kleim] vt.正式宣布
They proclaimed him King.
他们称他为国王。
reliable [ri’laiəbl] adj.可靠的, 可信赖的
It’s very difficult to give a reliable estimate
要给出可靠的估计非常困难。
rigid [‘ridʒid] adj. 刚硬的; 僵硬的
She sat upright, her body rigid with fear.
她直挺挺地坐着，吓得浑身发僵。
signature [ˈsiɡnitʃə] n. 签名, 签字
Someone had forged her signature on the cheque.
有人在支票上伪造了她的签名。
strategy [ˈstrætidʒi] n. 战略, 策略
By careful strategy he managed to push the proposal through.
通过审慎的谋划,他成功地使该建议获得通过。
absolute [‘æbsəlu:t] adj. 绝对的, 完全的
The police have absolute proof of his guilt.
警方有他犯罪的确凿证据。
approach [əˈprəutʃ]vt. & vi. 接近, 走近, 靠近; vt. 接洽, 交涉; 着手处理
n. 1 靠近, 接近, 临近 2 通路, 入口, 途径 3 方式, 方法
a. Did Mary approach you about lending her some money? 玛丽找你商量过有关借钱给
她的事吗?
b. He cautiously approached the house. 他小心地走近那房子。
bald [bɔ:ld] adj. 1.秃头的, 秃的 2.露骨的, 赤裸裸的
This is a bald falsehood. 这是赤裸裸的谎言。
committee [kəˈmiti] n. 委员会; 全体委员
The government agreed to set up a committee of inquiry.
政府同意成立一个调查委员会。
demonstrate [ˈdemənstreit] vt. 1 说明, 演示 2 论证, 证明 3 显示,
The lawyer demonstrated that the witness was lying. 律师证明证人在说谎。
eternal [i:’tə:nl] adj.永恒的, 永久的
I’m tired of your eternal arguments.
我烦透了你们那没完没了的争论。gamble [ˈɡæmbl] v/n. 赌博, 冒风险
They invested money in the company right at the start and the gamble paid off.
他们一开始就把资金投到这家公司，结果这一冒险获得了成功。
hazard [ˈhæzəd] n. 危险; 公害; vt. 1 尝试着做[提出] 2 冒风险
A new report suggests that chewing-gum may be a health hazard…
一份新报告指出，口香糖可能对健康有害。
inevitable [inˈevitəbl] adj. 不可避免的, 必然发生的
A rise in the interest rates seems inevitable.
提高利率似乎是不可避免的。
insist[inˈsist] v. 1 坚决宣称, 坚持认为 2 坚决要求
He insisted that we (should) accept these gifts.
他一定要我们收下这些礼物。
accordingly [ə’kɔ:diŋli]adv. 1.照着, 相应地 2.因此, 所以, 于是
He was too sick to stay. Accordingly, we sent him home.
他身体欠安,不能呆下去了,于是我们便派人把他送回家去
admire [əd’maiə] vt.赞赏; 钦佩
Everyone admires her strength of character and determination.
每一个人都钦佩她坚强的性格和决心。
classical [ˈklæsikəl] adj. 古典的, 经典的
In the field of classical music, he still reigns supreme.
在古典音乐领域，他仍然是最为杰出的。
ease [i:z]n. 1 容易 2 舒适, 安逸 ; v. (使)减轻, 舒缓,使安心,
Their team won the game with ease.
他们队轻松地赢了那场比赛。
enforce [inˈfɔ:s] vt. 1 实施, 执行 2 强迫, 迫使
Don’t enforce your will on the child, please.
请别把你的意愿强加给这孩子。
famine[ˈfæmin] n. 饥荒
Her grandparents came over from Ireland during the famine.
她的祖父母是在饥荒时期从爱尔兰迁移过来的。
grope [ɡrəup] vi. 探索, 搜寻, 摸索
I groped for the light switch in the dark room.
我在黑洞洞的屋里摸索着寻找电灯开关。
handicap [‘hændikæp] n.障碍, 缺陷, 残疾
Not speaking the language proved to be a bigger handicap than I’d imagined.
事实证明不会讲这种语言造成的障碍比我所想象的大。
install[inˈstɔ:l] vt. 安装 ,安顿, 安置
Unlike most systems, this one is very easy to install.
本系统与多数系统不同，极易安装。
local [ˈləukəl]adj. 当地的, 本地的 ; n. 1 当地人, 本地人
Conservation programs cannot function without local support.
没有地方的支持，自然环境保护项目就无法运作。
monitor[ˈmɔnitə]n. 1 监视器, 监听器 2 班长; vt. 监听, 监视，监测Their brains are scanned so that researchers can monitor the progress of the disease.
研究人员对他们的大脑加以扫描，以监视病情的发展。
cooperate [kəuˈɔpəreit] vi. 合作; 配合
The two groups agreed to cooperate with each other.
这两个组同意相互协作。
derive [diˈraiv] vt. & vi. 1 得到 2 源于
She derives great pleasure from her stamp collection.
她从集邮中获得很大乐趣。
diverse [dai’vəs] adj. 不同的, 多种多样的
The program deals with subjects as diverse as pop music and ancient Greek drama.
这档节目涉及包括流行音乐、古希腊戏剧在内的各种题材。
efficiency [iˈfiʃənsi] n. 效率, 效能
They admired the smoothness and efficiency with which the business was run.
他们钦佩这家公司协调高效的管理方式。
efficient [i’fiʃənt] adj. 有能力的, 效率高的
He is an efficient manager.
他是一位办事效率高的经理。
fame [feim] n. 名声, 名望
Fame brought her nothing but misery.
名声只给她带来了痛苦。
graceful [ɡreisful] adj. 优美的, 文雅的, 得体的,
The dancers were all tall and graceful.
这些舞蹈演员都个子高高的，动作十分优雅。
heighten[ˈhaitən]vt. & vi. 1 (使)变高, (使)增大 2 (使)提高; (使)加强
The campaign is intended to heighten public awareness of the disease.
这场运动的目的是使公众更加了解这种疾病。
impress [imˈpres] vt. 给…以深刻印象, 使铭记
We were impressed by their industry.
他们的勤奋给我们留下深刻印象。
impressive[imˈpresiv] adj. 给人印象深刻的, 感人的
He gave an impressive speech to a receptive audience.
他做了一次感人的讲演，听众深受感动。
1、 principle [ˈprɪnsɪp(ə)l] n. 原理；原则；基本原理；实质；本质
These people lack all understanding of scientific principles.
这些人对科学原理一窍不通。
2、principal [ˈprɪnsɪp(ə)l] adj. 首要的；主要的 n. 首领；长官；首长
The principal reason for my change of mind is this.
这是我改变主意的最主要原因。
3、 dentist [ˈdɛntɪst] n. 牙医
You should visit your dentist at least twice a year.
你应该每年至少去看两次牙科医生。4、dean [diːn] n. 教务长；系主任；院长
She was Dean of the Science faculty at Sophia University.
她是上智大学科学院的院长。
5、minister [ˈmɪnɪstə] n. 部长；大臣；牧师
He put a question to the minister about the recent reforms.
他就最近的改革措施向部长提了一个问题。
6、 priest [priːst] n. 牧师；司铎；神父
The old priest tried to put them off, saying that the hour was late.
老牧师搪塞他们说时间太晚了。
7、 overwhelmed [ˌəʊvəˈwelmd] adj. 被压倒的，不堪重负的，受宠若惊的，不知所措的
I was overwhelmed by the sheer quantity of information available.
已有的信息量大得令我不知所措。
8、 acute [əˈkjuːt]adj. 严重的，急性的，尖锐的；敏锐的，激烈的
The war has aggravated an acute economic crisis
战争加剧了原本已很严重的经济危机。
9、 let alone = much less 更不用说，更不用提
There isn’t enough room for us, let alone any guests.（注意，这里用的是 any，表否定，
而不是 some）
连我们都没有足够的空间，更不用说客人了。
10、peak [piːk] n. 山峰；顶峰；vt. 达到最大值；达到高峰；vi. 消瘦；衰弱；精神萎靡 adj. 最
好的；最大值的；高峰的
Traffic reaches its peak between 8 and 9 in the morning.
上午 8、9 点钟之间是交通高峰期。
11、 offspring [ˈɒfsprɪŋ] n. 子孙，后代，产物
But as it ages, these conditions may change and the area around it may no longer be suit
able for its offspring.
但是随着树长大，这些条件可能会发生改变，这一地区可能不再适合树的后代的生长。
12、reproductive [ˌriːprəˈdʌktɪv] adj. 生殖的，再生的，复制的
Not all doctors truly understand the reproductive cycle
并非所有的医生都真正了解生殖周期。
13、stuffy [ˈstʌfi]adj. 闷热的，古板的，不通气的
Museums have been trying hard to shed their stuffy image.
博物馆一直努力改变自己沉闷的形象。
14、 supreme [suːˈpriːm] adj. 最高的；最重要的；
The vice-president must now take on the mantle of supreme power.
副总统现在必须承担起最高权力的重任。
15、summit [ˈsʌmɪt] n. 顶峰；最高点；政府首脑会议；最高级会议；峰会；极点
This path leads to the summit.
这条路通往山顶。
flesh [fleʃ] n. 果肉；（动物或人的）肉；蔬菜的可食部分;
I grab George’s arm and dig my nails into his flesh
我抓住乔治的胳膊，指甲抠进了他的肉里。flash [flæʃ] v. （使）闪耀，闪光；（向…）用光发出（信号）n. 闪光；闪耀；（尤指信号灯）
闪亮；（想法的）突现；
A sudden flash of lightning lit everything up for a second…
突然一个闪电瞬间照亮了一切。
moisture [ˈmɔɪstʃə(r)] n. 水分；水汽；潮气
The sun is constantly evaporating the earth’s moisture.
太阳使地球上的湿气不断蒸发。
skin [skɪn] n. 皮肤；皮；
Note how smooth the skin of the upper arm is, then compare it to the skin on the elbow.
请注意上臂的皮肤是多么光滑，然后把它和肘部的皮肤比较一下。
erupt [ɪˈrʌpt] vi. 爆发；（火山）爆发；突然发生；
The volcano could erupt at any time.
这座火山随时可能爆发。
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corrupt [kəˈrʌpt] adj. 腐败的；贪污的；受贿的；营私舞弊的 vt. 损坏；破坏；使腐化；使堕
落；
Her assessment is based on the proposition that power corrupts.
她的分析是建立在权力使人堕落的观点上的。
legislation [ˌledʒɪsˈleɪʃn] n. 立法；法律；法规；制订法律
New legislation on the sale of drugs will be introduced next year.
有关药物销售的新法规将于明年出台。
legal [ˈliːɡl]adj. 法律的；合法的；
Prisoners have legal rights, but in practice these rights are not always respected.
囚犯虽有合法的权利，但实际上这些权利常未受到尊重。
illegal [ɪˈliːɡl] adj. 非法的；违法的；不合法的
There was no suggestion that he was doing anything illegal.
说他在从事非法活动无任何根据。
democratic [dɛməˈkratɪk] adj. 民主的；民主党的；大众的
He broke all links with the Democratic party.
他断绝了同民主党的一切联系。
pearl [pəːl] n. 珍珠；珍品；
She wore a single strand of pearls around her neck.
她脖子上戴着单串珍珠。
conflict [ˈkɒnflɪkt] n. 意见不一；武装冲突；冲突；矛盾 v. 相左；冲突；相互矛盾的；
The violence was the result of political and ethnic conflicts.
那次暴力是政治与种族冲突的结果。
controversy [ˈkɒntrəvəːsi] n. 争论；争执；争吵；争议
The President resigned amid considerable controversy.
总统在一片争论声中辞职。
controversial [kɒntrəˈvəːʃ(ə)l] adj. 引起争论的；有争议的
Immigration is a controversial issue in many countries
在很多国家，移民都是一个颇有争议的问题。
justify [ˈdʒʌstɪfʌɪ] v. 说明或证明正确或合理；有充分理由
She felt fully justified in asking for her money back.她认为有充分的理由要求退款。
purchase [ˈpɜːtʃəs] n. 购买；采购；购买的一大宗商品；vt. 购买；采购；买
The equipment can be purchased from your local supplier.
这种设备可从您当地的供应商购买。
lotion [ˈləʊʃn] n. 洁肤液；洗涤剂，洗液
She rubbed the lotion into her skin.
她把润肤液揉搓进皮肤里。
daily cue 每日提示
subtle [ˈsʌtl] adj. 微妙的；巧妙的；不易察觉的；机巧的；狡猾的
There are subtle differences between the two versions.
两个版本之间有一些细微的差异。
cunning [ˈkʌnɪŋ] adj. 狡猾的；巧妙的；灵巧的；奸诈的；
He has to pit his wits against an adversary who is cool, clever and cunning.
他不得不与一个冷静、聪明而又狡猾的对手斗智。
automatic [ˌɔːtəˈmætɪk] adj. 自动的；无意识的；不假思索的
Breathing is an automatic function of the body.
呼吸是一种无意识的身体功能。
crystal [ˈkrɪstl] n.结晶;晶体;水晶(如石英，用于制作珠宝饰物);水晶玻璃
These thin crystals transmit much of the power
这些薄薄的晶体传导了大部分的动力。
crystallize [ˈkrɪstəlaɪz] vt. 变明确；使（想法、信仰等）明确；
The event helped to crystallize my thoughts.
这件事使我的想法明确化了。
specific [spəˈsɪfɪk] adj. 特定的；具体的；特有的；明确的；独特的 n. 特效药；特性；细节；
特性
The project must be completed within a specific time span.
这项工程必须在规定期限内完成。
definite [ˈdefɪnət] adj. 肯定；确定的；肯定的；清楚的；明显的；
Can you give me a definite answer by tomorrow?
你最晚明天能给我一个确定的答复吗？
explicit [ɪkˈsplɪsɪt] adj. 清楚明白的；清晰的，明确的；直言的；坦率的；不隐晦的；不含糊
的
He gave me very explicit directions on how to get there.
他清楚地向我说明了去那儿的路线。
clear [klɪə(r)] adj. 明确的；清楚的；明显的；清晰易懂的 vt. 清理；移走，搬走，清除
She gave me clear and precise directions.
她给了我清晰而准确的指示。
distinct [dɪˈstɪŋkt] adj. 明显的；清晰的；明白的；有区别的；确定无疑的；确实的；确切的
The results of the survey fell into two distinct groups.
调查结果分为截然不同的两组。
（
distinction = difference n. 区别，不同）
invest [ɪnˈvest] vt. 投资；（把资金）投入；投入（时间、精力等）
The government has invested heavily in public transport.政府已对公共交通投入了大量资金。
gradually [ˈɡrædʒuəli] adv. 逐渐地；逐步地
The company has gradually absorbed its smaller rivals.
该公司逐步地吞并了一些比它小的竞争对手。
fresh [freʃ] adj. 新鲜的；新的；新产的；adv. 刚刚，才，最新地
Let me write it down while it’s still fresh in my mind .
趁记忆犹新，我来把它写下来。
boundary [ˈbaʊndri] n. 边界；界限；分界线
The fence marked the boundary between my property and hers.
那道篱笆曾是我和她的房产之间的地界。
boundaryless [ˈbaʊndərɪləs] adj. 无边界的
As boundaryless career time comes, more and more people tend to have a boundaryless
career attitude.
随着无边界职业生涯时代的到来，越来越多的个体倾向于持有无边界职业生涯态度。
countless [ˈkaʊntləs] adj. 无数的；数不胜数的；数不尽的
I’ve warned her countless times.
我警告过她无数次了。
numerous [ˈnjuːm(ə)rəs] adj. 众多的；许多的；成员众多的
His views have been expressed in numerous speeches.
他已在无数次发言中表达了自己的观点。
innumerable [ɪˈnjuːm(ə)rəb(ə)l] adj. 无数的；数不清的
There are innumerable stars in the sky.
天空中有无数颗星。
anecdote [ˈanɪkdəʊt] n. 轶事；趣闻；传闻
This research is based on anecdote not fact.
这项研究的根据是传闻而非事实。
episode [ˈɛpɪsəʊd] n. 一个事件；一组事件；插曲；一集
The final episode will be shown next Sunday.
下周日将播出最后一集。
hint [hɪnt] n. 暗示；提示；线索；细微迹象
vt. 暗示；暗示着；表明
They hinted there might be more job losses.
他们暗示说可能会有更多人失业。
virtual [ˈvəːtʃʊ(ə)l] adj. 实际上的；实质上的；事实上的；虚拟的；虚的
The country was sliding into a state of virtual civil war.
这个国家实际上正逐渐进入内战状态。
Up to four players can compete in a virtual world of role playing。
最多可以有 4 个玩家在一个虚拟世界中扮演角色互相拼杀。
epidemic [ˌepɪˈdemɪk] n. 流行；传播；流行病；蔓延；盛行；猖獗 adj. 流行（性）的；流
传极广的；盛行的
A flu epidemic is sweeping through Moscow.
一场流感正席卷莫斯科。
pandemic [panˈdɛmɪk] adj. 在全国流行的；泛流行的 n. 大流行病Global cooperation to prevent the spread of pandemic disease can promote public health.
全球合作预防疾病蔓延也有助于促进公共健康。
stereotype [ˈstɛrɪə(ʊ)tʌɪp] n. 刻板印象**;模式化观念(或形象);老一套 *vt.对…*形成模式化****(**或类
型化**)**的看法
Children from certain backgrounds tend to be stereotyped by their teachers.
教师往往模式化地根据学生的某些背景把他们归为某一类学生。
cliche [‘kli:ʃeɪ] n. 陈词滥调 adj. 陈腐的
You should always try to avoid the use of cliche.
你应该尽量避免使用陈词滥调。
cliched adj. 陈词滥调的，老生常谈的
trite [trʌɪt] adj. 陈腐的；老一套的；缺乏新意的
The heading is trite.
标题没有新意。
trivial [ˈtrɪvɪəl] adj. 琐碎的；无价值的；浅薄的；平凡的
It’s a trivial matter and not worth fighting about.
这是一桩小事，不值得为之争辩。
be confronted with …= be faced with … 面对；面临着；面临
She was confronted with severe money problems
她面临严峻的资金问题。
put in place 落实到位，正在实施（
put sth into effect 实施，使生效）
The strategy was put in place many months ago.
具体策略在好几个月前就已部署到位。
eliminate [ɪˈlɪmɪneɪt] vt. 消除；排除；清除；（比赛中）淘汰
The police have eliminated two suspects from their investigation.
警方通过调查已经排除了两名嫌疑犯。
commodity [kəˈmɒdəti] n. 商品；有用的东西；有使用价值的事物
Crude oil is the world’s most important commodity.
原油是世界上最重要的商品。
urban [ˈɜːbən] adj. 城市的；都市的；城镇的
Public order is primarily an urban problem
社会治安主要是城市的问题。
suburb [ˈsʌbɜːb] n. 郊区；城外
His family lived in the suburbs.
他家住在城郊。
rural [ˈrʊərəl] adj. 农村的；乡村的；似农村的
The rural population has become increasingly politicized in recent years.
近年来，农村人口对政治愈来愈感兴趣。
country [ˈkʌntri] n. 国家；国；区域
Indonesia is the fourth most populous country in the world.
印度尼西亚是世界上第四大人口大国。
countryside [ˈkʌntrisaɪd] n. 农村；乡村
Everyone should enjoy the right of access to the countryside.人人都应享有进入乡村的权利。
**county [ˈkaʊnti] n.**（英国、爱尔兰的）郡；（美国的）县
Up to five million people a year visit the county
每年参观这个县的人多达 500 万。
town [taʊn] n. 镇；市镇；集镇
The nearest town is ten miles away.
最近的集镇离这里有十英里远。
village [ˈvɪlɪdʒ] n. 村庄；村民；村镇；乡村居民
The village was used as the location for a popular TV series.
这个村子曾是一部热门电视系列剧的拍摄场地。
eminent [ˈemɪnənt] adj. 杰出的；卓越的，著名的，显赫的；非凡的
He is eminent among architects.
他在建筑师中声誉卓著。
resent [rɪˈzent] v. 愤恨；感到气愤；愤愤不平
She resents her mother for being so tough on her
她怨恨母亲对她太严厉。
immune [ɪˈmjuːn] adj. 有免疫力；不受影响；受保护；免除；豁免
**be immune to…对…有免疫力的；不受…**感染的
You’ll eventually become immune to criticism.
你终究会不用在乎批评了。
**be immune from…免除的；不受…**影响的
I am immune from the disease, for I had it once.
我对这病有免疫力，因为我已得过一次。
domestic [dəˈmestɪk] adj. 国内的；本国的；家用的；家庭的；家务的
Domestic prices have been aligned with those in world markets.
国内价格已调整到与世界市场一致。
evade [ɪˈveɪd] vt. 躲避；逃脱；逃避，规避；回避，避开
He managed to evade capture .
他设法逃脱了抓捕。
exempt [ɪɡˈzempt] adj. 获豁免；免除（责任、付款等） vt. 豁免; 免除
Some students are exempt from certain exams.
有的学生可免除某些考试。
usher [ˈʌʃə(r)] n. 引座员；传达员；****vt. 引领；引导；把…引往
The secretary ushered me into his office.
秘书把我领进他的办公室。
federal [ˈfedərəl] adj. 联邦制的；****n. 联邦主义者；同盟盟友
He proposes that businesses should pay taxes to the federal government
他提议企业应该向联邦政府纳税。
election [ɪˈlekʃn] n. 当选；选举，推选
How many candidates are standing for election ?
有多少候选人参加竞选？
elect [ɪˈlekt] v. 选举；推选；选择，决定
It was proposed that the president be elected for a period of two years.有人提议选出的主席任期为两年。
juror [ˈdʒʊərə(r)] n. 陪审员；陪审团成员
Yesterday the judge asked jurors to come back Tuesday.
昨天，法官让陪审团成员周四再来。
jury [ˈdʒʊəri] n. 陪审团；评判委员会，裁判委员会
The case will be decided by a jury.
这案件将由陪审团裁决。
rigid [ˈrɪdʒɪd] adj. 僵化的；僵硬的；死板的；坚硬的；固执的（
stubborn****）；一成不变的；
僵直的
She sat upright, her body rigid with fear.
她直挺挺地坐着，吓得浑身发僵。
level [ˈlevl] n. 水平；级别；层次；程度，浓度；标准；品级 **adj.**平的；平坦的；等高的；地
位相同的；
Can she take the heat of this level of competition?
她承受得了这种水平的比赛的压力吗？
level playing fields 公平竞争环境
**mandate [ˈmændeɪt] n.**授权；任期；委托书；授权令 vt. 授权；强制执行；委托办理
A mandate from the UN would be needed before any plans could be implemented.
执行任何计划都需要联合国的授权。
sanction [ˈsæŋkʃn] n. 制裁；处罚；许可 vt. 惩罚；准许；许可；准予；实施制裁
The threat of sanctions is our most powerful lever for peace.
实施制裁的威胁是我们争取和平最有力的施压手段。
nurse [nɜːs] n. 护士 vt. 看护，照料（病人或伤者）
Her family put her into a nursing home.
她的家人把她送进了一家疗养院。
plant [plɑːnt] n. 植物；工厂；****vt. 种植；栽种；播种
All plants need light and water.
一切植物都需要阳光和水。
grow [ɡrəʊ] vi. 成长；长大；增强；变得/长得+ adj.; vt. 使生长，种植，扩展
She doesn’t want her children growing up in the public eye.
她不想让子女在众人瞩目中成长。
culture [ˈkʌltʃə(r)] n. 文化，文明 vt. 培养（细胞或细菌）
Venice is a beautiful city full of culture and history.
威尼斯是一座具有深厚文化和历史底蕴的美丽城市。
tactic [ˈtæktɪk] n. 战术；策略；手段；招数；兵法
They tried all kinds of tactics to get us to go.
他们施尽所有的招数想让我们去。
strategy [ˈstrætədʒi]n. 战略；策略，行动计划
I went home and mapped out my strategy
我回到家里制定出了我的策略。
tangible [ˈtændʒəbl] adj. 有形的；实际的；真实的；可触摸的 n. 有形资产；可触知的或具
体的某事物
There should be some tangible evidence that the economy is starting to recover应该有明显迹象表明经济开始复苏了。
intangible[ɪnˈtændʒəbl] adj. 无形的，触摸不到的，难以理解的
There are intangible benefits beyond a rise in the share price.
除股价上升之外还有无形利益。
viable [ˈvaɪəbl] adj. 切实可行的；可实施的；可生长发育的
Such projects are not financially viable without government funding.
没有政府专款，这样的项目在资金上是不可行的。
feasible [ˈfiːzəbl] adj. 可行的；行得通的
We all think this proposal feasible.
大家认为这个建议是可行的。
**resent [rɪˈzent] vt.**怨恨，愤恨，厌恶
She resents her mother for being so tough on her
她怨恨母亲对她太严厉。
**verdict [ˈvɜːdɪkt] n.**裁定，裁决，裁断；结论
She showed no emotion at the verdict.
她对这一裁定无动于衷。
**manifest [ˈmænɪfest] vt.**显现；表明，清楚显示 **adj.**明显的；显而易见的
Social tensions were manifested in the recent political crisis.
最近的政治危机显示了社会关系的紧张。
attitude [ˈætɪtjuːd] n. 态度；看法；姿势
I find his attitude a little hard to take.
我觉得他的态度有点儿令人难以接受。
altitude [ˈæltɪtjuːd] n. 海拔；海拔高度；（海拔高的）高处，高地
There is little oxygen at high altitudes.
在海拔高的地方氧气很少。
the altitude of …= …above sea level 海拔是
latitude [ˈlætɪtjuːd] n. 纬度；纬度地区；
He noted the latitude and longitude, then made a mark on the admiralty chart.
他记下纬度和经度，然后在航海图上做了个标记。
longitude [ˈlɒŋɡɪtjuːd] n. 经度
All places on the same meridian have the same longitude.
在同一子午线上的地方都有相同的经度。
abolish [əˈbɒlɪʃ] vt. 废除，废止（法律、制度、习俗等）
The whole system should be abolished.
整个制度应该被废除。
absent [ˈæbsənt , æbˈsent] adj. 缺席；缺少；心不在焉的；
be absent from …缺席…
It’s the manager’s job to organize cover for staff who are absent.
安排他人顶替缺席的员工是经理的工作。
illuminate [ɪˈluːmɪneɪt] vt. 照亮；照明；照射；阐明；解释；
This book illuminates the whole problem.
这本书把整个问题都解释清楚了。
*derive [dɪˈraɪv] vi.获得；取得；得到；derive from …vt.* （使）起源；（使）产生Anna’s strength is derived from her parents and her sisters
安娜的坚强源自于她的父母和姐姐们。
= origin from …= originate from …= generate from = come of 起源于，来源于，产生于
deprive [dɪˈpraɪv] vt. 剥夺；使丧失；使不能享有
deprive sb. of sth 剥夺某人某物
They were imprisoned and deprived of their basic rights.
他们遭到监禁并被剥夺了基本权利。
transact [trænˈzækt] vi. 做业务，做交易 deal
This would free them to transact business across state lines
这将使他们能够跨越州界进行交易。
transaction [trænˈzækʃn] n. 处理；（一笔）交易，业务，买卖；办理
He was always in the middle of a business transaction.
他总是忙着做生意。
term [tɜːm] n. 术语；期限；任期；措辞；学期 vt. 把…称为；
把…叫做 term …as …; in terms of 就**…**而言
What does this mean in terms of cost?
这在成本上意味着什么？
semester [sɪˈmestə(r)] n. 学期（尤用于美国，一学年分两个学期）
Each student is expected to wait at table for one week each semester.
每学期每个学生都要在餐厅服务一周。
**curriculum [kəˈrɪkjələm] n.**（学校等的）全部课程
Spanish is on the curriculum.
西班牙语已纳入课程内容。
captain [ˈkæptɪn] n. 船长；机长；（海军）上校；队长;vt. 担任…的队长**(或船长)**
You must obey the captain’s commands.
你必须服从船长的命令。
acknowledge [əkˈnɒlɪdʒ] v. 承认**,答谢,**告知收到
She refuses to acknowledge the need for reform.
她拒不承认改革的必要性。
refuse to 拒绝做某事
acquaintance [əˈkweɪntəns] n. 熟人**,**相识
I had little acquaintance with modern poetry.
我对现代诗所知甚少。
acquire [əˈkwaɪə(r)] v. 获得**,取得,**学到
The company has just acquired new premises.
公司刚购得新办公楼。
acquisition [ˌækwɪˈzɪʃn] n. 获得**,**所获之物
We study for the acquisition of knowledge.
我们是为了获得知识而读书。
achievement [əˈtʃiːvmənt] n. 成就**,成绩,完成,**达到
It was a remarkable achievement for such a young player.
如此年轻的选手有这样的成绩真是了不起。
aggressive[əˈɡresɪv] a. 侵略的**;**咄咄逼人的A good salesperson has to be aggressive in today’s competitive market.
在当今竞争激烈的市场上，一个好的销售员应该有进取精神。
agricultural [ˌæɡrɪˈkʌltʃərəl] a. 农业的
As agriculture developed, agricultural ideas diffused across Europe.
随着农业的发展，农业知识开始在欧洲普及。
agriculture[ˈæɡrɪkʌltʃə(r)] n. 农业**,**农学
The number of people employed in agriculture has fallen in the last decade.
过去十年，农业从业人数已经下降。
affect [əˈfekt] vt. 影响**;作用,**感动
People tend to think that the problem will never affect them.
人们往往认为这个问题绝不会影响到他们。
affection [əˈfekʃn] n. 影响**,作用,慈爱,爱,**感情
Their affection for her soon increased almost to idolatry.
他们对她的喜爱不久就发展到了盲目崇拜的地步。
afford [əˈfɔːd] vt. 负担得起(…**的费用);抽得出(时间);**提供
We can’t afford to go abroad this summer.
今年夏天我们没有足够的钱去国外。
allocate [ˈæləkeɪt] v. 分派**,分配,**分配额
They intend to allocate more places to mature students this year.
今年他们打算给成人学生提供更多的名额。
afterwards [ˈɑːftəwədz]ad. 后来
Shortly afterwards he met her again.
不久之后，他又遇到了她。
divorce [dɪˈvɔːs]n. 离婚 v. 与**…**办离婚
I tried to get my life back on track after my divorce.
离婚之后我力图使生活恢复正常。
drunk [drʌŋk] a. 醉的
She found him drunk when she came home at nights.
她晚上回家时，经常发现他醉醺醺的。
document [ˈdɒkjumənt , ˈdɒkjument]n. 文件**;**文献
You’d better save the document before closing it.
你最好在关闭文档前先行保存。
distinguish [dɪˈstɪŋɡwɪʃ] v. 区别**,辨别,**表现突出
Sometimes reality and fantasy are hard to distinguish.
有时候现实和幻想很难区分。
disabled [dɪsˈeɪbld]a. 残废的**,**残疾的
There is a lack of adequate provision for disabled students.
为残疾学生提供的服务不够。
disability [ˌdɪsəˈbɪləti] n. 残疾**;**无能
Disability is a physical limitation on your life.
残疾在身体方面限制了你的生活。
disadvantage [ˌdɪsədˈvɑːntɪdʒ]n. 不利条件**;**弱点
One major disadvantage of the area is the lack of public transport.这个地区的一大不便之处就是缺少公共交通工具。
disagree [ˌdɪsəˈɡriː]vi. 意见不一致**,**持不同意见
He disagreed with his parents on most things.
他在多数事情上都与父母意见不一。
disagreement [ˌdɪsəˈɡriːmənt]n. 意见不一致**;相违;**争论
There is considerable disagreement over the safety of the treatment.
这种疗法是否安全争论很大。
disappoint [ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪnt]vt. 使失望
I was disappointed to find that they had left already.
我发现他们已经离开了，觉得很失望。
disappointment [ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntmənt] n. 失望**;**沮丧
To our great disappointment, it rained every day of the trip.
这次旅行天天下雨，让我们大失所望。
discover [dɪˈskʌvə(r)] vt. 发现
They soon discovered a mutual interest in music.
他们很快发现对音乐有着共同的兴趣。
discovery [dɪˈskʌvəri] n. 发现
Researchers in this field have made some important new discoveries.
这个领域的研究人员有了一些重大的新发现。
withdraw [wɪðˈdrɔː] v. 撤回**,取回,**撤退
Government troops were forced to withdraw.
政府部队被迫撤走了。
voyage [ˈvɔɪɪdʒ] n. 航行**,**旅行
This voyage was his first taste of freedom.
这次航行使他初次体验到了自由的滋味。
wealth [welθ] n. 财富**,**财产
The main purpose of industry is to create wealth.
工业的主要宗旨是创造财富。
wealthy [ˈwelθi] a. 富有的，富裕的
He became a wealthy businessman in his thirties.
他 30 多岁时成为一名富有的实业家。
weakness [ˈwiːknəs] n. 弱点，衰落**,**衰老
Tom succeeded in his efforts to overcome his fatal weakness.
汤姆努力克服了自己致命的弱点。
wedding [ˈwedɪŋ] n. 婚礼
They decided to delay their wedding until August.
他们决定把婚礼推迟到 8 月。
marriage [ˈmærɪdʒ]n. 婚姻
He separated from his wife after 20 years of marriage.
他和妻子在结婚 20 年后分居了。
violence [ˈvaɪələns] n. 暴力行为
He condemned the protesters’ use of violence against the police.
他谴责抗议者对警察使用暴力。violent [ˈvaɪələnt]a. 暴力的
It was the most violent film that I have ever seen.
这是我看过的最暴力的一部电影。
virtue [ˈvɜːtʃuː] n. 美德**,正直的品行,**德行
Good man hate to sin because of love for virtue.
良人因为热爱德行而痛恨犯罪。
victim [ˈvɪktɪm] n. 受害者
Two crash victims were admitted to the local hospital.
两位车祸受害者已送进当地医院。
victory [ˈvɪktəri]n. 胜利
Tonight’s victory guarantees the team’s place in the final.
今晚的胜利确保这个队能进入决赛。
vertical [ˈvɜːtɪkl] a. 垂直的 n. 垂直线
The cliff was almost vertical.
那悬崖几乎是笔陡的。
universal [ˌjuːnɪˈvɜːsl]a. 普遍的**,通用的,**宇宙的
Human rights are universal; they belong to each and every individual around the world.
人权是普遍的，它属于世界上的每一个人。
universe [ˈjuːnɪvɜːs]n. 宇宙
Scientists disagree about how the universe was created.
科学家对宇宙是怎样形成的有分歧。
university [ˌjuːnɪˈvɜːsəti]n. 大学
Three colleges have come together to create a new university.
三所学院合并成了一所新的大学。
vehicle [ˈviːəkl] n. 传播媒介**,工具,交通工具,**车辆
The road was just wide enough for two vehicles to pass.
这条路的宽度刚好能让两辆车开过。
**essay [ˈeseɪ , eˈseɪ] n.**文章，短文；小品文
This essay is just not good enough.
这篇散文实在是不够好。
document [ˈdɒkjumənt , ˈdɒkjument] n. 文件；文献；公文；证件；****vt. 记录，记载；
You’d better save the document before closing it.
你最好在关闭文档前先行保存。
file [faɪl] n. 档案；文件夹；卷宗；****vt. 把（文件等）归档; 提起（诉讼）；
You can have your files back after we’ve checked them.
我们核对完你的文件之后就还给你。
respond [rɪˈspɒnd] vi. 作答；回答；应答；唱和；作出反应(respond to …)
The best way to respond to a flame is to ignore it.
回应谩骂性电子邮件的最好办法就是置之不理。
response [rɪˈspɒns] n. 答复；反应；响应；
The product was developed in response to customer demand.
这种产品是为了满足顾客的需要而开发的。
correspondence [kɒrɪˈspɒnd(ə)ns] n. 类似；联系；通信；信件；信函She deals with all the correspondence promptly and efficiently.
她迅速有效地处理全部来往信件。
patient [ˈpeɪʃ(ə)nt] adj. 有耐心的；忍耐的；****n. 病人；承受者
There is one particular patient I’d like you to see.
我想让你见一个病人。
patience [ˈpeɪʃ(ə)ns] n. 忍耐；容忍；耐心
Patience is one of the most important attributes in a teacher.
耐心是教师最重要的品质之一。
affiliate [əˈfɪlɪeɪt] vt. 使隶属；加入；接纳…为成员；隶属 n. 隶属成员；会员；分支机构
The hospital is affiliated with the local university.
这家医院附属于当地大学。affiliate …to …= be affiliated to …
The group is not affiliated to any political party.
该团体不隶属任何政党。
process [ˈprəʊsɛs] n. 步骤；程序；方法 vt. 对…进行加工；处理；审核；检查
Employees should have a voice in the decision-making process.
雇员在决策的过程中应该有发言权。
procedure [prəˈsiːdʒə] n. 程序；步骤；手续；外科手术
The procedure can be divided into two parts.
这一程序可以分为两部分。
course [kɔːs] n. 路线；路径；一道菜；科目，课程；过程，进程
There were only three of us on the advanced course.
只有我们三人学高级课程。
attach [əˈtætʃ]vt. 使依附，贴上，系上，使依恋；****vi. 附加，附属
They attach great importance to the project.
他们高度重视这个项目。
element [ˈelɪmənt] n. 元素，要素，基本部分，典型部分；原理，成分
Fitness has now become an important element in our lives.
现在健康已经成为我们生活中的一个要素。
facility [fəˈsɪlɪti] n. 设施；才能，天赋；灵巧；娴熟；
Students should take full advantage of the university’s facilities.
学生应该充分利用大学的设施。
establish [ɪˈstablɪʃ] vt. 设立；建立；证实；确定= found，set up，put up
I have established a good working relationship with my boss.
我与老板已经建立起良好的工作关系。
furniture [ˈfəːnɪtʃə] n. 家具；装置；（不可数）
We’ll want more furniture for the new office.
我们的新办公室需要添些家具。
facilitate [fəˈsɪlɪteɪt] vt. 使…更容易；使便利，促进
The new airport will facilitate the development of tourism
新机场将促进旅游业的发展。
device [dɪˈvʌɪs] n. 装置；计划；阴谋；图画；炸弹；外表；设备
The device was protected by patent.
这一装置受专利保护。equip [ɪˈkwɪp] vt. 使配备；使装备；使做好思想准备；使有准备
They had equipped their workers adequately for such dangerous condition.
他们让工人们充分装备起来，以应付这样的危险情况。
equip sb./ sth A with sth B== sb./ sth A be equipped with sth B
equipment [ɪˈkwɪpm(ə)nt] n. 设备；器材；用具；装备；知识；才能；素养；才智(不可数)
The equipment is still at the experimental stage.
这种设备仍处于试验阶段。
apply [əˈplʌɪ] vi. *申请；请求；*apply for…；vt.涂抹…*于***…表面；apply sb to sth=**
A large number of people have applied for the job.
许多人申请了这工作。
Sb be applied to…使某人全神贯注地工作；
apply sth. to doing sth 投入使用
application [aplɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n] n. 申请；应用；敷用；应用程序；应用软件；关联；实际运用
What is the current status of our application for funds?
我们申请资金目前进展状况如何？
appliance [əˈplʌɪəns] n. 器具；应用；消防车
This is an appliance for opening cans.
这是一件开罐器具。
electricity [ˌɪlɛkˈtrɪsɪti] n. 电；电力供应
The electricity supply had been cut off.
电力供应被切断了。
electric adj. 电的，电动的，发电的(electric power mobile 电动车**) n.**供电
The electric will be off tomorrow.
明天停电。
electrical [ɪˈlɛktrɪk(ə)l] adj. 有关于电的，电动的；发电的；用电的（电器）
With the increasing electrical applications in aircraft, the higher performances of aircraft p
ower supply system are required.
随着飞机用电设备的增加，对飞机供电的要求不断提高。
electronic [ɪlɛkˈtrɒnɪk] adj. 电子的（具体的器械）；用电子乐器演奏的；电子学的
The electronic dictionary included some animations.
电子词典中有一些动画片。
**victim [ˈvɪktɪm] n.**受害者；祭品
Two crash victims were admitted to the local hospital.
两位车祸受害者已送进当地医院。
struggle [ˈstrʌgl] vi./vt. 奋斗；努力；斗争；抗争 n. 斗争；搏斗；（尤指）抢夺
He gave up the struggle in despair.
他绝望地放弃了斗争。
strive [straɪv] vi./vt. 努力；奋斗；力争；力求
He strives hard to keep himself very fit
他努力地保持身体健康。
surprise [səˈpraɪz] n. 意想不到的事；令人惊奇的事；惊奇；****vt. 使惊奇；使诧异
Much to her surprise he came back the next day.
让她非常吃惊的是他第二天就回来了。surprised 和 surprising 的区别
surprised 是 surprise 的过去分词和过去分词， surprising 是 surprise 的现在分词
They were surprised to find that he’d already left.
他们惊奇地发现他已经走了。（人感到惊讶）
It’s surprising what people will do for money.
人为了钱什么干不出来，想想真令人愕然。（事情或物令人感到惊讶）
amaze [əˈmeɪz] vt. 使惊奇；使惊愕；使惊诧
Just the size of the place amazed her.
仅仅地方之大就使她十分惊奇。
amazing 和 amazed 区别
amazed****：感到惊讶的，指人，动词 amaze 的现在分词。
They were amazed that I was talking in an Irish accent.
我说话带爱尔兰口音让他们感到很惊奇。（人感到惊奇）
amazing****：令人惊讶的，指物动词 amaze 的过去式和过去分词。
It’s amazing what we can remember with a little prompting.
稍加提醒我们就能想起很多东西，真是让人惊奇。（事情或物令人感到惊奇）
astonish [əˈstɒnɪʃ] vt. 使十分惊讶；使大为惊奇；使吃惊
His achievement is astonishing and this book is the jewel in his crown.
他的成就令人震惊，而这部书则是他的杰作。
shock [ʃɒk] n. 震惊；令人震惊的事；休克；剧烈震荡 vt. 使震惊；使惊愕；使气愤；使厌
恶
He’s still in a state of shock .
他至今还惊魂未定。
exact [ɪgˈzækt] adj. 精确的；准确的；精密的；
We need to know the exact time the incident occurred.
我们需要了解事情发生的确切时间。
accurate [ˈækjərət] adj. 正确无误的；精确的；
Accurate measurement is very important in science.
在科学领域，精确的测量非常重要。
precise [prɪˈsaɪs] adj. 一丝不苟的，准确的；明确的
She gave me clear and precise directions.
她给了我清晰而准确的指示。
concise [kənˈsaɪs] adj. 简明的；简练的
Whatever you are writing make sure you are clear, concise, and accurate.
无论写什么，一定要清晰、简练、准确。
authentic [ɔːˈθentɪk] adj. 真正的；真品的；真迹的；真实的；逼真的
She has authentic charm whereas most people simply have nice manners
她散发出真正的魅力，而大多数人只是举止优雅。
ambiguous [æmˈbɪgjuəs] adj. 模棱两可的；含混不清的；不明确的
Students have ambiguous feelings about their role in the world.
学生们对于自己在这个世界上的角色认识模糊不清。
**dilemma [dɪˈlemə] n.**（进退两难的）窘境，困境
She describes her own moral dilemma in making the film.
她讲述了拍摄这部电影过程中她在道义上所面临的两难选择。distinguish [dɪˈstɪŋgwɪʃ] vt. 区分；辨别；分清；认出；听出
Sometimes reality and fantasy are hard to distinguish.
有时候现实和幻想很难区分。
distinguish A from B 区分 A 与 B
extinguish [ɪkˈstɪŋgwɪʃ] vt. 熄灭；扑灭；毁灭；消灭；使破灭
Firefighters tried to extinguish the flames.
消防队员奋力救火。
persuade [pəˈsweɪd] vt. 劝说；说服；使信服；使相信
She had persuaded herself that life was not worth living.
她自认为人生没有价值。
persuade sb. to do sth 劝服某人做…
persuade sb. not to do sth 劝服某人不做…
persuasive [pəˈsweɪsɪv] adj. 有说服力的；令人信服的
I can be very persuasive when I want to be
如果我愿意的话，我会非常有说服力的。
permit [pəˈmɪt , ˈpɜːmɪt] vt. 允许；准许；使有可能 n. 许可证
We were not permitted any contact with each other.
我们不许彼此有任何接触。
permission [pəˈmɪʃn] n. 准许；许可；批准；许可证
The school has been refused permission to expand.
学校扩充未得到许可。
universal [ˌjuːnɪˈvɜːsl] adj. 普遍的；全世界的；普遍存在的
Such problems are a universal feature of old age.
这类问题是老年人的通病。
global [ˈgləʊbl] adj. 全球的；全世界的；整体的；全面的
The crisis here caught the global attention.
这里的危机引起了全世界的注意。
confuse [kənˈfjuːz] vt. 使糊涂；使迷惑
Be careful not to confuse quantity with quality.
注意不要把数量与质量混淆了。
puzzle [ˈpʌzl] n. 谜；不解之谜 vt. 迷惑；使困惑
He was trying to puzzle out why he had been brought to the house.
他想弄明白自己为何被带到这所房子。
complex [ˈkɒmpleks] adj. 复杂的；难懂的；费解的
It’s a useful introduction to an extremely complex subject.
这是对一门极为复杂的学科的有益入门教程。
complicated [ˈkɒmplɪkeɪtɪd] adj. 复杂的；难懂的
Facing the complicated situation, he took everything coolly.
面对复杂的形势，他却淡然处之。
elaborate [ɪˈlæbərət , ɪˈlæbəreɪt] adj. 复杂的；详尽的；精心制作的 vt. 详尽阐述；详细描
述；精心制作
They used elaborate secret codes, as when the names of trees stood for letters
他们使用了复杂的暗号，比如用树的名称代表字母。tailor n. 裁缝；****vt. 专门制作，订做
The tailor took my measure for a new suit.
裁缝量了我的尺寸准备为我做套新衣服。
recruit[rɪˈkruːt] vt. 招募，征募；聘用，恢复健康；吸收新成员
They recruited several new members to the club.
他们吸收了几名新成员进入俱乐部。
register [ˈredʒɪstə(r)] n./vt. 登记，注册；点名册
She is officially registered disabled.
她正式登记为伤残者。
detail [ˈdiːteɪl] n. 琐事；详情；全部细节；（关于某事物的）资料，消息 vt. 详细列举；详
细说明 in detail 详细地
This issue will be discussed in more detail in the next chapter.
这个问题将在下一章详细论述。
retail [ˈriːteɪl , rɪˈteɪl] n. 零售 adj. 零售的；****vt./vi. 零售；以…价格销售
The firm manufactures and retails its own range of sportswear.
公司生产并零售自己的运动服装系列。
retailer [ˈriːteɪlə(r)] n. 零售商；零售店
Retailers have given up waiting for a turn in the housing market.
零售商们已放弃等待房产市场上的转机。
committee [kəˈmɪti] n. 委员会；受托人；监护人
The committee has little or no understanding of the problem.
委员会对这个问题了解不多或根本不了解。
commission [kəˈmɪʃ(ə)n] n. 委托；委员会；佣金；回扣；犯罪；过错
The course is part funded by the European Commission.
这个课程是欧洲委员会部分资助的。
interest [ˈɪnt(ə)rɪst] n. 利息；好处；利益；同业；同行 vt. 使感兴趣
be interested in …
The development was planned without proper regard to the interests of local people.
新开发区的规划没有正当考虑当地居民的利益。
challenge [ˈtʃælɪndʒ] n. 挑战；质疑 vt. 对···怀疑；向（某人）挑战；
It was a direct challenge to the president’s authority.
这是对主席权威的直接质疑。
change [tʃeɪndʒ] vt./vi. 改变；变化；变成 n. 改变；变化；
There’s still time to change your mind.
你还有时间改变主意。
changeable [ˈtʃeɪndʒəbl] adj. 可能变化的；易变的；常变的
The weather is very changeable at this time of year.
年年在这个时候天气都变化无常。
**chance [tʃɑːns] n.**可能性；机会；冒险 vt. 冒险；偶然发生；碰巧
There is no chance that he will change his mind.
他不可能改变主意。
by chance =by accident 意外地，偶然地
opportunity [ˌɒpəˈtjuːnəti] n. 机会；时机There are far more opportunities for young people than there used to be.
现在年轻人的机会比过去多得多。
occasion [əˈkeɪʒn] n. 时机，场合，理由，机会 vt. 使发生；引起，造成；导致
（
on the occasion of… 在那时，值此…之际）
They have been seen together on two separate occasions.
他们有两次被人看见在一起。
occasional [əˈkeɪʒənl] adj. 偶尔的；偶然的；临时的
Cooking is an occasional hobby and a vehicle for celebrity chefs.
做饭成为一个偶尔的兴趣和大厨的工具。
machine [məˈʃiːn] n. *机器；机械装置；***vt.**用机器制造
Ensure there is a free flow of air around the machine.
要确保机器周围空气畅通。
mechanic [məˈkænɪk] n. 机械师；技工；****adj. 手工的
A good mechanic is worth his weight in gold.
一位优秀的技工是不可多得的。
engine [ˈendʒɪn] n. 发动机；引擎；火车头；机车；****vt. 给···安装发动机
The engine is used for pumping water out of the mine.
这台发动机是用来从矿井中抽水的。
engineer [ˌendʒɪˈnɪə(r)]n. 工程师；****vt./vi. 设计，策划
She works for an engineering company.
她在一家工程公司工作。
vehicle [ˈviːəkl] n. 交通工具；车辆；（赖以表达思想、感情或达到目的的）手段，工具
The road was just wide enough for two vehicles to pass.
这条路的宽度刚好能让两辆车开过。
ecological [ˌiːkəˈlɒdʒɪkl] adj. 生态的；生态学的
Ecological groups say that nothing is being done to tackle the problem.
环境保护组织称目前并未采取任何行动处理这个问题。
ecology [iˈkɒlədʒi] n. 生态；生态学
Oil pollution could damage the fragile ecology of the coral reefs.
石油污染可能破坏珊瑚礁脆弱的生态环境。
fragile [ˈfrædʒaɪl] adj. 易碎的；易损的；脆弱的；纤巧的；精细的；纤巧美丽的
Oil pollution could damage the fragile ecology of the coral reefs.
石油污染可能破坏珊瑚礁脆弱的生态环境。
delicate [ˈdelɪkət] adj. 易损的；易碎的；脆弱的；纤弱的；纤细的；微小的；精美的；雅致
的
Large dams have harmed Siberia’s delicate ecological balance.
大型水坝对西伯利亚脆弱的生态平衡造成了破坏。
The delicate handicraft works will not bear rough handling.
精致的手工艺品经不起粗鲁的摆弄。
weak [wiːk] adj. 虚弱的；不牢固的；易损坏的；易受影响的；懦弱的；软弱无力的
She is still weak after her illness.
她病后仍然虚弱。
broken adj. 伤残的，破损的，残缺的，蹩脚的
a broken marriage/engagement破裂的婚姻；解除了的婚约
extreme [ɪkˈstriːm] adj. 极度的；异乎寻常的；极端的；偏激的
We are working under extreme pressure at the moment.
目前我们正在极大的压力下工作。
**extremely [ɪkˈstriːmli] adv.极其;极端;**非常
She found it extremely difficult to get a job.
她发觉找工作极其困难。
describe [dɪˈskraɪb] vt. 描述；形容；把···称为
The man was described as tall and dark, and aged about 20.
据描述这男人高个子，深色皮肤，年龄在 20 岁左右。
prescribe [prɪˈskraɪb] vi./vt. 开处方；让···采用（疗法）；规定
He may be able to prescribe you something for that cough.
他也许能给你开一些咳嗽药。
**statement [ˈsteɪtmənt] n.**说明；表态；声明；陈述；报告；
A government spokesperson made a statement to the press.
政府发言人向新闻界发表了一份声明。
comment [ˈkɒment] n. 议论；评论；批评；指责 the comment on …对…的评述
vi. 表达意见 comment on…
He made his comments at a news conference in Amsterdam.
他在阿姆斯特丹的记者招待会上发表了意见。
remark[rɪˈmɑːk] n. 言论；评述；引人注目；****vi. 说起；谈论；评论 remark on…
He made a number of rude remarks about the food.
关于这里的食物他说了许多无礼的评论。
remarkable [rɪˈmɑːkəbl] adj. 非凡的；奇异的；显著的；引人注目的
He showed remarkable endurance throughout his illness.
他在整个生病期间表现出非凡的忍耐力。
explain [ɪkˈspleɪn] vt. 解释；说明；阐明；说明（
···****的）原因；解释（
···****的）理由
It was difficult to explain the problem to beginners.
对初学者解释这个问题很难。
explanation [ˌekspləˈneɪʃn] n. 解释；说明；阐述
I can’t think of any possible explanation for his absence.
我想不出他缺席的任何理由。
